Food Allergy: International and Developing World Perspectives
Abstract
Purpose of Review
Epidemiological data on food allergy worldwide suffer from the challenges of variability in methods of diagnosis, sampling, and response rates. There are little data on food allergy in the developing world and populations with food allergy in such settings may suffer from challenges that are different from those experienced by subjects with food allergy in the developed world.
Recent Findings
Data based on IgE-mediated food allergy established by food challenge ...
Source: Current Pediatrics Reports - July 11, 2016 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
New Vaccines on the Horizon
Abstract
Purpose of Review
Well-established as a powerful tool for preventing disease, vaccines have immeasurably impacted health and disease epidemiology worldwide. In the era of rational vaccine design and ever-evolving technology, vaccine development and delivery is poised to improve the ability to target a range of new diseases and to improve disease prevention, in even the most remote communities worldwide.
Recent Findings
New vaccines against influenza, human papillomavirus and meni...
Source: Current Pediatrics Reports - July 10, 2016 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
The Epidemiology of Food Allergy
Abstract
Purpose of Review
The past few years have seen an exponential increase in publications on the topic of IgE-mediated food allergy. Recent publications have greatly advanced our understanding of the global prevalence of food allergy, and have revealed new insights into risk factors for food allergy. In this article, we will review these recent developments, summarise the current state of knowledge of the epidemiology of IgE-mediated food allergy, and outline areas of ongoing research where gaps in evidence remain.
...
Source: Current Pediatrics Reports - July 8, 2016 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
What is New in the Diagnosis and Management of Food Protein-Induced Enterocolitis Syndrome?
Abstract
Purpose of Review
Many aspects of food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES) remain poorly studied, such as its pathophysiology, dietary management, biomarkers for diagnosis and onset of tolerance. Research in the last decade has steadily advanced our knowledge of the condition. We review the recent literature in relation to the diagnosis and management of FPIES.
Recent Findings
FPIES is predominantly a paediatric non-IgE-mediated gastrointestinal food allergic disorder....
Source: Current Pediatrics Reports - July 7, 2016 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
Timing of Introduction of Solids and Early-Onset Allergic Disease
Abstract
Purpose of review
The ‘ideal’ age to commence introduction to any solid foods, or specific ‘more allergenic’ foods, as an allergy prevention strategy has been debated for the last two decades.
Recent findings
Observational studies have indicated that introducing any solid foods prior to four months of age was associated with an increased risk of allergic disease. On the other hand, delayed introduction (beyond 6–10 months) of ‘more allergenic’ foods (including dair...
Source: Current Pediatrics Reports - July 5, 2016 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis in Children: Recent Developments in Diagnosis, Treatment and Prevention
Abstract
Purpose of review
Multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis (TB) threatens global TB control. Few children with MDR-TB are diagnosed and appropriately treated; this is related to difficulties confirming a diagnosis of TB disease and challenges with current treatment regimens. This review highlights recent developments in the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of MDR-TB in children.
Recent findings
Although phenotypic drug susceptibility testing (DST) remains the gold standard, mole...
Source: Current Pediatrics Reports - July 3, 2016 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
Evaluation and Management of the Asymptomatic Child with Wolff –Parkinson–White
< h3 class= " a-plus-plus " > Abstract < /h3 > < p class= " a-plus-plus " > Wolff –Parkinson–White (WPW) describes an accessory pathway (AP) that connects the atria and ventricles and allows preexcitation of the ventricle, manifested on the electrocardiogram (ECG) as a short PR interval and a delta wave. WPW syndrome describes the abnormal ECG pattern in patients with associa ted clinical cardiovascular symptoms, whereas “isolated ventricular preexcitation,” “asymptomatic WPW,” or “asymptomatic WPW syndrome” all refer to the abnormal ECG pattern without associated clinical cardiovascular symptoms. The clini...
Source: Current Pediatrics Reports - May 31, 2016 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
Transitioning the Pediatric Patient to the Adult Congenital Heart Disease Service
Abstract
Advances in the management of pediatric patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) have led to an increased number of adults with CHD (ACHD). While many have undergone cardiac surgery, ACHD patients have premature morbidity and mortality and often die from cardiovascular events. In order to ensure appropriate follow-up for these patients, transition to a practice with experience managing ACHD patient is crucial. Ideally, these adolescents with CHD are placed on a seamless pathway for transition, but there are multiple barriers to this at the patient, provider, and health system levels. Repeated...
Source: Current Pediatrics Reports - May 19, 2016 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
Novel Uses for Three-Dimensional Printing in Congenital Heart Disease
Abstract
Congenital heart disease affects 1–2 % of the world’s population and is the leading cause of mortality among infants in the US. The diagnosis and management of congenital heart disease are largely driven by review of two-dimensional (2D) images derived from echocardiography, cardiac magnetic resonance, and cardiac computed tomography. However, congenital heart disease is a three-dimensional (3D) problem, and 2D display methods often lack critical spatial information. Cardiologists and cardiovascular surgeons rely on mental conversion of 2D data into a 3D understanding of the spatial relation...
Source: Current Pediatrics Reports - May 5, 2016 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
Evaluation and Management of the Asymptomatic Child with Wolff–Parkinson–White
Abstract
Wolff–Parkinson–White (WPW) describes an accessory pathway (AP) that connects the atria and ventricles and allows preexcitation of the ventricle, manifested on the electrocardiogram (ECG) as a short PR interval and a delta wave. WPW syndrome describes the abnormal ECG pattern in patients with associated clinical cardiovascular symptoms, whereas “isolated ventricular preexcitation,” “asymptomatic WPW,” or “asymptomatic WPW syndrome” all refer to the abnormal ECG pattern without associated clinical cardiovascular symptoms. The clinical presentation of symptomatic WPW in young patien...
Source: Current Pediatrics Reports - April 25, 2016 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
Genetics and Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Abstract
While there are some similarities with adult hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), pediatric HCM has many differences. Although sarcomere protein mutations affecting only the heart explain the majority of pediatric HCM, many young pediatric patients have HCM as part of a larger syndrome, neuromuscular disease, or metabolic disorder. Current HCM genetic testing panels are useful to identify a mutation in some affected children; however, the yield for pediatric patients is lower than that for adults. The yield improves when the panel of genes involved in the RASopathies is also included. Future geneti...
Source: Current Pediatrics Reports - April 21, 2016 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
An Update on Critical Congenital Heart Disease Screening Using Pulse Oximetry
Abstract
This review paper places lessons learned from recent publications over the past 3 years into the larger context of newborn screening for critical congenital heart disease (CCHD) in the United States and internationally. Lessons learned from CCHD screening in previously unexamined populations and settings have helped refine the issues and eliminate preconceived barriers. Although the incidence of CCHD is relatively stable worldwide, the sensitivity of newborn screening and the impact on outcomes are greatly influenced by the healthcare resources available, type of facility, and the specific scree...
Source: Current Pediatrics Reports - April 20, 2016 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
What ’s New in Paediatric Sepsis
This article is designed to be an informal and personal review of recent developments in paediatric sepsis over the past 3 years. < /p > (Source: Current Pediatrics Reports)
Source: Current Pediatrics Reports - February 29, 2016 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
What’s New in Paediatric Sepsis
This article is designed to be an informal and personal review of recent developments in paediatric sepsis over the past 3 years. (Source: Current Pediatrics Reports)
Source: Current Pediatrics Reports - February 20, 2016 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
To Screen or Not to Screen? The Value of Routine Blood Pressure Measurement in Children and Adolescents
Abstract
Most pediatric primary care providers will take care of patients with elevated blood pressure; however, identification of these patients can be problematic. Contradictory recommendations from consensus organizations regarding the utility of pediatric blood pressure screening make this task more difficult. Choosing which recommendation to follow requires a careful analysis of each recommendation’s background and the evidence supporting it. In this review, we examine the association between elevated blood pressure in childhood and adverse cardiovascular outcomes in adults, as well as the evidence...
Source: Current Pediatrics Reports - February 4, 2016 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
