Inflammation and depression but where does the inflammation come from?
Purpose of review
Up until the latter part of the previous century, the monoamine theory guided our understanding of psychiatric disorders, notably depressive illness in its various phenotypic manifestations. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of newer theories that allow a deeper understanding of brain dysfunction and neuropsychiatric disease entities such as depressive illness. One such key theory is the theory of inflammation as a result of stress-induced immune system activation.
Recent findings
Stress activates the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis and the sympathetic branch of the autonom...
Source: Current Opinion in Psychiatry - August 6, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Tags: PSYCHIATRY, MEDICINE AND THE BEHAVIOURAL SCIENCES: Edited by Mohan Isaac and Igor Filipcic Source Type: research
Depressive symptoms and disorders in type 2 diabetes mellitus
Purpose of review
To examine developments in the understanding of certain aspects of depression in diabetes mellitus patients with a special focus on diabetes distress, screening of depression and its management in persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Recent findings
Recent studies reviewed indicate an increasing trend of both major and minor depression in patients with diabetes. Depression is also reported to be persistent and chronic in diabetes patients. There is a bidirectional link between depression and diabetes. Diabetes-related distress independently increases the diabetes-related complications. Collaborativ...
Source: Current Opinion in Psychiatry - August 6, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Tags: PSYCHIATRY, MEDICINE AND THE BEHAVIOURAL SCIENCES: Edited by Mohan Isaac and Igor Filipcic Source Type: research
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation treatment for depressive disorders: current knowledge and future directions
Purpose of review
After three decades of clinical research on repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), major depressive disorder (MDD) has proven to be the primary field of application. MDD poses a major challenge for health systems worldwide, emphasizing the need for improving clinical efficacy of existing rTMS applications and promoting the development of novel evidence-based rTMS treatment approaches.
Recent findings
Several promising new avenues have been proposed: novel stimulation patterns, targets, and coils; combinatory treatments and maintenance; and personalization and stratification of rTMS para...
Source: Current Opinion in Psychiatry - August 6, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Tags: PSYCHIATRY, MEDICINE AND THE BEHAVIOURAL SCIENCES: Edited by Mohan Isaac and Igor Filipcic Source Type: research
Smoking in schizophrenia: recent findings about an old problem
Purpose of review
Recent epidemiology, biological and clinical findings correlate high cigarette consumption in patients with schizophrenia, impeding both treatment strategies and the effectiveness of antipsychotics.
Recent findings
New data suggests that despite world-wide efforts to curb cigarette consumption, smoking in patients with schizophrenia was still high. Recent reports could not confirm earlier findings regarding smoking's beneficial effects on cognitive dysfunction, however, the association between smoking, positive symptoms and suicidal behavior was revealed. As some patients smoked in an attempt to alle...
Source: Current Opinion in Psychiatry - August 6, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Tags: PSYCHIATRY, MEDICINE AND THE BEHAVIOURAL SCIENCES: Edited by Mohan Isaac and Igor Filipcic Source Type: research
Ketogenic diet for schizophrenia: clinical implication
Purpose of review
The aim of this article is to review recent findings on the efficacy of ketogenic diet in preclinical models and in patients with schizophrenia. This review will also highlight emerging evidence for compromised glucose and energy metabolism in schizophrenia, which provides a strong rationale and a potential mechanism of action for ketogenic diet.
Recent findings
Recent transcriptomic, proteomic and metabolomic evidence from postmortem prefrontal cortical samples and in-vivo NMR spectroscopy results support the hypothesis that there is a bioenergetics dysfunction characterized by abnormal glucose hand...
Source: Current Opinion in Psychiatry - August 6, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Tags: PSYCHIATRY, MEDICINE AND THE BEHAVIOURAL SCIENCES: Edited by Mohan Isaac and Igor Filipcic Source Type: research
