Multiple needs and multiple treatments. What's a clinician to do? Update on the psychosocial treatment of disruptive behaviours in childhood
Purpose of review
There are a wide range of psychosocial treatment options, delivered in different modalities, for children with disruptive behaviour. However, clinicians face many challenges in ensuring the empirically supported treatments (ESTs) they select will be effective for their patient. This has prompted studies to generate knowledge on how to improve treatment outcomes for children with disruptive behaviour. This review identifies the major challenges in treatment selection as well as emerging research seeking to improve outcomes.
Recent findings
This review emphasizes the salience of the research-prac...
Source: Current Opinion in Psychiatry - September 30, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Tags: CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY: Edited by Richa Bhatia Source Type: research
From temperament and parenting to attachment: a review of the interplay of gene and environment factors in the developmental pathway to attachment
Purpose of review
Attachment represents an aspect of the parent–child relationship by encapsulating behaviours and stress management strategies. Although attachment is not considered a measure of psychopathology, some attachment styles place children at higher risk for psychopathologies. The origins of attachment have historically thought to be either parenting-related variables, or temperament. More recently, there has been accumulated evidence of gene × environment interactions in attachment, temperament, and parenting. This review aims to cover shared gene × environment pathways between these variables, ...
Source: Current Opinion in Psychiatry - September 30, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Tags: CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY: Edited by Richa Bhatia Source Type: research
Recent research advances in identification and prevention of youth suicide risk
Purpose of the review
The rate of youth suicidal behaviors has gradually increased over the last 15 years and continues to grow during the COVID-19 pandemic. This trend burdens mental health services and demands significant developments in risk detection and delivery of interventions to reduce the risk. In this article we outline significant advances and recent findings in youth suicide research that may facilitate strategies for identifying and preventing suicide risk among youth at risk in general and in specific risk groups.
Recent findings
The rise in suicide and suicidal behaviors is most likely to affect y...
Source: Current Opinion in Psychiatry - September 30, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Tags: CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY: Edited by Richa Bhatia Source Type: research
Editorial: Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health of children and adolescents: updates from the last 2 years
No abstract available (Source: Current Opinion in Psychiatry)
Source: Current Opinion in Psychiatry - September 30, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Tags: CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY: Edited by Richa Bhatia Source Type: research
An update on the epidemiology of eating disorders in Latin America: current findings and future challenges
Purpose of review
We systematically reviewed the recent literature on the epidemiology of eating disorders in Latin America.
Recent findings
Most screened articles only investigated risk for eating disorders or disordered eating behaviors. Four studies reported prevalence for eating disorders. One study reported age-standardized prevalence ranging from 0.04% [95% confidence interval, CI (0.03, 0.06)] to 0.09% [95% CI (0.07, 0.13)] for anorexia nervosa and from 0.13% [95% CI (0.08, 0.17)] to 0.27% [95% CI (0.18, 0.37)] for bulimia nervosa. Three additional studies conducted in Brazil identified a general eating d...
Source: Current Opinion in Psychiatry - September 30, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Tags: EATING DISORDERS: Edited by Hans W. Hoek and Anna Keski-Rahkonen Source Type: research
Update on the epidemiology and treatment of eating disorders among Hispanic/Latinx Americans in the United States
Purpose of review
This review provides a 6-year update on the prevalence and treatment of eating disorders among Hispanic/Latinx Americans in the United States.
Recent findings
Prevalence of eating disorders tends to be lower in Hispanic/Latinx American adolescents and adults relative to non-Hispanic White peers. Numerous risk factors for disordered eating symptoms have been identified, including negative body image, depression, sexual assault and culturally specific risk factors, including ethnic discrimination and acculturative stress. Hispanic/Latinx individuals seek treatment less often with the most influen...
Source: Current Opinion in Psychiatry - September 30, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Tags: EATING DISORDERS: Edited by Hans W. Hoek and Anna Keski-Rahkonen Source Type: research
Epidemiology of eating disorders among US adults
Purpose of review
Public policy efforts for prevention of and intervention upon eating disorders is severely limited in the United States due to the paucity of population-based data. This review article summarizes findings regarding eating disorders based on the National Epidemiological Studies on Alcohol and Related Conditions, Third Wave. The studies reviewed provide the most recent epidemiological indicators of anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge-eating disorder (BED) in the United States and demonstrate the utility of population-based data for validating the generalizability of findings from clinical sampl...
Source: Current Opinion in Psychiatry - September 30, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Tags: EATING DISORDERS: Edited by Hans W. Hoek and Anna Keski-Rahkonen Source Type: research
Worldwide prevalence of DSM-5 eating disorders among young people
Purpose of review
Eating disorders (anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder, and other eating disorders) affect young people worldwide. This narrative review summarizes key studies conducted on the prevalence of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) eating disorders among young people in 2013-22.
Recent findings
In Western settings, a substantial proportion of young people have reported an eating disorder. Overall, 5.5--17.9% of young women and 0.6–2.4% of young men have experienced a DSM-5 eating disorder by early adulthood. Lifetime DSM-5 anorexia nervosa was reported...
Source: Current Opinion in Psychiatry - September 30, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Tags: EATING DISORDERS: Edited by Hans W. Hoek and Anna Keski-Rahkonen Source Type: research
Review of the unprecedented impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the occurrence of eating disorders
Purpose of review
To review the recent literature on the impact of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on incidence and severity of symptoms of eating disorders (EDs).
Recent findings
A worrying increase of EDs in- and outpatients has been reported since the COVID-19 pandemic began in 2019/2020. Restrictions implemented during the pandemic to protect populations against COVID-19 increased the risk for onset and for worsening of EDs by disrupting eating and exercise routines, social isolation, lack of support, and limited access to healthcare. Substantial increases since the start of the pandemic hav...
Source: Current Opinion in Psychiatry - September 30, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Tags: EATING DISORDERS: Edited by Hans W. Hoek and Anna Keski-Rahkonen Source Type: research
Editorial introductions
No abstract available (Source: Current Opinion in Psychiatry)
Source: Current Opinion in Psychiatry - September 30, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Tags: EDITORIAL INTRODUCTIONS Source Type: research
Children with neurodevelopmental disorders: how do they sleep?
Purpose of review
In this review we summarized the available evidence on sleep disorders in children with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) in particular: intellectual disability (including some genetic conditions such as Prader–Willi Syndrome, Smith-Magenis Syndrome), Autism spectrum disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), Developmental Coordination Disorder, language disorders, and specific learning disorders.
Recent findings
Children with NDDs frequently suffer from sleep disturbances, with a higher prevalence than that of the general pediatric population.
Summary
These problems ...
Source: Current Opinion in Psychiatry - July 30, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Tags: SPECIAL COMMENTARY Source Type: research
Recent advances in noninvasive brain stimulation for schizophrenia
Purpose of review
Noninvasive brain stimulation has emerged in the last three decades as a promising treatment for patients with antipsychotic-resistant symptoms of schizophrenia. This review updates the latest progress in the use of noninvasive brain stimulation to treat schizophrenia symptoms.
Recent findings
Several recently published randomized-controlled trials support a long-lasting clinical effect of stimulation techniques on schizophrenia symptoms. In addition, efforts have been made in recent months to improve efficacy through several optimization strategies. Studies have tested new parameters of stimul...
Source: Current Opinion in Psychiatry - July 30, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Tags: PSYCHIATRY, MEDICINE AND THE BEHAVIOURAL SCIENCES: Edited by Mohan Isaac and Igor Filipcic Source Type: research
Antipsychotic treatment in elderly patients on polypharmacy with schizophrenia
Purpose of review
Elderly patients with schizophrenia (SCH) are treated with antipsychotics and are often on different comedications, including polypharmacy (five or more medications). Evidence-based guidelines and randomized controlled trials do not include patients on polypharmacy, something that represents a ‘gap’ between evidence-based recommendations and clinical prescribing patterns. In this context, narrative reviews are needed to help clinicians in daily practice.
Recent findings
Antipsychotic treatment efficacies in meta-analyses are similar in the elderly with SCH compared with the general populati...
Source: Current Opinion in Psychiatry - July 30, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Tags: PSYCHIATRY, MEDICINE AND THE BEHAVIOURAL SCIENCES: Edited by Mohan Isaac and Igor Filipcic Source Type: research
Internet use and internet-based addictive behaviours during coronavirus pandemic
Purpose of review
The COVID-19 outbreak profoundly influenced human lives on different levels. This narrative review aims to present recent data relating to the COVID-19 pandemic and internet use and internet-based addictive behaviours [problematic Internet use (PIU), Internet addiction, Internet gaming disorder, problem gambling or gambling disorder, social media addiction including smartphone use disorder, problematic pornography use, and compulsive buying].
Recent findings
During the COVID-19 pandemic, the prevalence of Internet use and Internet-based addictive behaviours increased in all age groups. The COVI...
Source: Current Opinion in Psychiatry - July 30, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Tags: PSYCHIATRY, MEDICINE AND THE BEHAVIOURAL SCIENCES: Edited by Mohan Isaac and Igor Filipcic Source Type: research
Interventions for attempted suicide
Purpose of review
Suicide is a major, global, public health issue. Those who attempt suicide represent a high-risk subgroup for eventual death by suicide. We provide an update on emerging evidence for interventions for attempted suicide to reduce subsequent suicidal behavior.
Recent findings
Major approaches that have been examined recently include pharmacological, psychosocial, brief active contact and outreach interventions, and digitally driven interventions. Notwithstanding the limited evidence base for most of these approaches, brief contact and follow-up interventions appear to have more robust effects on ...
Source: Current Opinion in Psychiatry - July 30, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Tags: PSYCHIATRY, MEDICINE AND THE BEHAVIOURAL SCIENCES: Edited by Mohan Isaac and Igor Filipcic Source Type: research
