Current Opinion in Obstetrics and Gynecology This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Fertility preservation options for transgender and gender-nonconforming individuals
Purpose of review To provide an overview of the current state of knowledge of fertility risks of gender-affirming therapy, review fertility preservation options for transgender individuals and ways to minimize gender dysphoria during fertility treatment, and identify gaps in knowledge. Recent findings Recent studies have corroborated older data that gender-affirming hormone therapy creates histopathological changes in the gonads; however, the newer data suggests that some function of the gametes may be preserved. One study in transgender men reported successful in-vitro maturation of testosterone-exposed oocytes with ...
Source: Current Opinion in Obstetrics and Gynecology - May 15, 2019 Category: OBGYN Tags: FERTILITY, IVF AND REPRODUCTIVE GENETICS: Edited by Emre Seli and Juan A. García Velasco Source Type: research

Endocrine and reproductive profile of boys and young adults conceived after ICSI
Purpose of review The impact of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), on the reproductive health of the offspring is largely unknown. Here we provide a comprehensive overview of the endocrine and reproductive profile in boys and young male adults born after ICSI using ejaculated spermatozoa alleviating male factor infertility in their parents. Recent findings Levels of testosterone, anti-Müllerian hormone and inhibin B were found comparable in prepubertal and pubertal boys conceived by ICSI when compared with levels in boys conceived spontaneously. Also, at young adulthood, mean levels of reproductive hormones did...
Source: Current Opinion in Obstetrics and Gynecology - May 15, 2019 Category: OBGYN Tags: FERTILITY, IVF AND REPRODUCTIVE GENETICS: Edited by Emre Seli and Juan A. García Velasco Source Type: research

Treatment potential of bone marrow-derived stem cells in women with diminished ovarian reserves and premature ovarian failure
Purpose of review We review the techniques recently tested in both animal models and humans to provide a state-of-the-art on adult stem cell ovarian transplant to achieve ovarian rejuvenation in patients with diminished ovarian reserves. Recent findings As the firsts reports of spontaneous pregnancies achieved after bone marrow transplantation in oncologic women with primary ovarian insufficiency, increasing evidence supports the regenerative effects of stem cell-based therapies in the ovarian niche. Adult stem cells from several origins promote follicular development, increase ovarian local vascularization, increase ...
Source: Current Opinion in Obstetrics and Gynecology - May 15, 2019 Category: OBGYN Tags: FERTILITY, IVF AND REPRODUCTIVE GENETICS: Edited by Emre Seli and Juan A. García Velasco Source Type: research

A Strength, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats analysis on time lapse
Purpose of review The study of embryonic development through conventional microscopy has contributed significantly to the success of IVF. However, clinical pregnancy rates per transfer remain as low as 30% according to the latest records of European society if human reproduction and society if assisted reproduction. Considering the increased need to reduce the number of multiple pregnancies, the embryologist is required to improve embryo selection methods to reduce the number of embryos transferred and identify those with the highest implantation potential. This represents a big challenge considering that applying this s...
Source: Current Opinion in Obstetrics and Gynecology - May 15, 2019 Category: OBGYN Tags: FERTILITY, IVF AND REPRODUCTIVE GENETICS: Edited by Emre Seli and Juan A. García Velasco Source Type: research

Diminished ovarian reserve versus ovarian aging: overlaps and differences
Purpose of review Diminished ovarian reserve, in general, implies a quantitative decline in the oocyte pool. However, whether this quantitative decline is necessarily accompanied by a qualitative decline, remains to be determined. Recent findings Studies of natural conception suggest that fecundity of women with a quantitative decline in ovarian reserve is similar to age-matched women with normal ovarian reserve. Data on rates of pregnancy loss and fetal chromosomal abnormality do not consistently suggest a decline in oocyte quality in women who has a lower ovarian reserve. In assisted reproductive technology (ART) cy...
Source: Current Opinion in Obstetrics and Gynecology - May 15, 2019 Category: OBGYN Tags: FERTILITY, IVF AND REPRODUCTIVE GENETICS: Edited by Emre Seli and Juan A. García Velasco Source Type: research

Editorial introductions
No abstract available (Source: Current Opinion in Obstetrics and Gynecology)
Source: Current Opinion in Obstetrics and Gynecology - May 15, 2019 Category: OBGYN Tags: EDITORIAL INTRODUCTIONS Source Type: research

Application of next-generation sequencing for the diagnosis of fetuses with congenital heart defects
Purpose of review Congenital heart defects (CHDs) are the most common type of birth defects, and are thought to result from genetic–environmental interactions. Currently, karyotype and chromosomal microarray analyses are the primary methods used to detect chromosomal abnormalities and copy number variations in fetuses with CHD. Recently, with the introduction of next-generation sequencing (NGS) in prenatal diagnosis, gene mutations have been identified in cases of CHD. The purpose of this review is to summarize current studies about the genetic cause of fetal CHD, paying particular attention to the application of NGS f...
Source: Current Opinion in Obstetrics and Gynecology - March 5, 2019 Category: OBGYN Tags: PRENATAL DIAGNOSIS: Edited by Jane Chueh Source Type: research

Impact of preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy on obstetrical practice
Purpose of review To provide updated information on preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A), focusing on its implications on prenatal diagnostic approaches after transferal of mosaic aneuploid embryos. Recent findings PGT-A is a technology to screen for chromosome aneuploidy or major chromosome structural rearrangement in embryos before implantation using different cytogenetic analyses. PGT-A has been shown to reduce the negative effect of increasing maternal age on in-vitro fertilization (IVF) outcomes. PGT-A also encourages clinicians and patients to accept single embryo transfer after IVF-PGT-A to re...
Source: Current Opinion in Obstetrics and Gynecology - March 5, 2019 Category: OBGYN Tags: PRENATAL DIAGNOSIS: Edited by Jane Chueh Source Type: research

Systemic lupus erythematosus in pregnancy: high risk, high reward
Purpose of review The aim of this study was to describe risks of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in pregnancy and the importance of preconception counselling, medication optimization and close surveillance. Recent findings Advances in care for pregnant patients with SLE have led to improved obstetric outcomes, but maternal and foetal risks continue to be elevated. Conception during periods of disease quiescence and continuation of most medications decrease adverse pregnancy outcomes. Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) appears protective against flares in pregnancy, neonatal congenital heart block and preterm birth. Summary ...
Source: Current Opinion in Obstetrics and Gynecology - March 5, 2019 Category: OBGYN Tags: MATERNAL FETAL MEDICINE: Edited by Deirdre Lyell, Mark Boddy, and Martha Rode Source Type: research

Recognizing maternal mental health disorders: beyond postpartum depression
Purpose of review Maternal mental health disorders, including anxiety and depression, are one of the most common obstetric complications, presenting in pregnancy and postpartum. Recent findings Maternal mental health disorders are associated with adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. Screening women in pregnancy and postpartum for mental health disorders is key to early identification and treatment of anxiety and depression in the perinatal population. Although universal screening is now recommended by numerous professional organizations, rates of screening are low and often not performed with a validated screening ...
Source: Current Opinion in Obstetrics and Gynecology - March 5, 2019 Category: OBGYN Tags: MATERNAL FETAL MEDICINE: Edited by Deirdre Lyell, Mark Boddy, and Martha Rode Source Type: research

Magnesium sulfate use for fetal neuroprotection
Purpose of review The aim of this review is to describe the proposed mechanisms of action of magnesium sulfate for fetal neuroprotection, different dosing regimens of the drug that have shown benefit, and to review recent pharmacokinetic studies of the drug to better inform clinicians regarding expected benefits and remaining research questions. Recent findings Retrospective secondary analysis of the beneficial effects of antenatal magnesium sulfate trial database and prospective pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic modeling indicate magnesium sulfate administration for duration longer than 18 h, given within 12 h of d...
Source: Current Opinion in Obstetrics and Gynecology - March 5, 2019 Category: OBGYN Tags: MATERNAL FETAL MEDICINE: Edited by Deirdre Lyell, Mark Boddy, and Martha Rode Source Type: research

Neurological diseases in pregnancy
Purpose of review To summarize recent research findings and current concepts related to care of neurologic diseases in pregnancy and the risks of pregnancy to the mother–infant dyad. Recent publications related to best practices for neurologic care, risks of pregnancy, rate of relapse during and after pregnancy, as well as medication safety in pregnancy and lactation for more commonly used neurologic medications are reviewed. Recent findings Data continues to grow that women with neurologic conditions can experience pregnancy with minimal risks. Additionally, as more data is being published on medication safety in p...
Source: Current Opinion in Obstetrics and Gynecology - March 5, 2019 Category: OBGYN Tags: MATERNAL FETAL MEDICINE: Edited by Deirdre Lyell, Mark Boddy, and Martha Rode Source Type: research

Maternal sepsis: new concepts, new practices
Purpose of review Sepsis is a leading cause of severe maternal morbidity and maternal death. As pregnancy-related sepsis can be difficult to recognize, clinicians should maintain a low threshold for early evaluation and treatment. Recent findings Definitions and treatment guidelines for maternal sepsis were recently revised in 2016 and 2017 by the Surviving Sepsis Campaign and WHO. Multiple clinical decision tools have been created to aid clinicians in early recognition and risk prediction for sepsis in obstetric populations, but currently, an optimal screening tool does not exist. Early recognition and urgent treatme...
Source: Current Opinion in Obstetrics and Gynecology - March 5, 2019 Category: OBGYN Tags: MATERNAL FETAL MEDICINE: Edited by Deirdre Lyell, Mark Boddy, and Martha Rode Source Type: research

Opioid prescribing after childbirth: overprescribing and chronic use
Purpose of review Overprescribing opioids contributes to the epidemic of drug overdoses and deaths in the United States. Opioids are commonly prescribed after childbirth especially after caesarean, the most common major surgery. This review summarizes recent literature on patterns of opioid overprescribing and consumption after childbirth, the relationship between opioid prescribing and chronic opioid use, and interventions that can help reduce overprescribing. Recent findings It is estimated that more than 80% of women fill opioid prescriptions after caesarean birth and about 54% of women after vaginal birth, althoug...
Source: Current Opinion in Obstetrics and Gynecology - March 5, 2019 Category: OBGYN Tags: MATERNAL FETAL MEDICINE: Edited by Deirdre Lyell, Mark Boddy, and Martha Rode Source Type: research

Editorial introductions
No abstract available (Source: Current Opinion in Obstetrics and Gynecology)
Source: Current Opinion in Obstetrics and Gynecology - March 5, 2019 Category: OBGYN Tags: EDITORIAL INTRODUCTIONS Source Type: research