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Cysteine and methionine oxidation in thrombotic disorders
Curr Opin Chem Biol. 2023 Jun 16;76:102350. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2023.102350. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThrombosis is the leading cause of death in many diseased conditions. Oxidative stress is characteristic of these conditions. Yet, the mechanisms through which oxidants become prothrombotic are unclear. Recent evidence suggests protein cysteine and methionine oxidation as prothrombotic regulators. These oxidative post-translational modifications occur on proteins that participate in the thrombotic process, including Src family kinases, protein disulfide isomerase, β2 glycoprotein I, von Willebrand factor, and fibrino...
Source: Current Opinion in Chemical Biology - June 18, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Moua Yang Brian C Smith Source Type: research

Metalloprotein enabled redox signal transduction in microbes
Curr Opin Chem Biol. 2023 Jun 11;76:102331. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2023.102331. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTMicrobes utilize numerous metal cofactor-containing proteins to recognize and respond to constantly fluctuating redox stresses in their environment. Gaining an understanding of how these metalloproteins sense redox events, and how they communicate such information downstream to DNA to modulate microbial metabolism, is a topic of great interest to both chemists and biologists. In this article, we review recently characterized examples of metalloprotein sensors, focusing on the coordination and oxidation state of the me...
Source: Current Opinion in Chemical Biology - June 13, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Murphi T Williams Eaindra Yee Grant W Larson Elizabeth A Apiche Anoop Rama Damodaran Ambika Bhagi-Damodaran Source Type: research

Sulfoxides in medicine
Curr Opin Chem Biol. 2023 Jun 10;76:102340. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2023.102340. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTIn the review, current status of sulfoxides on the pharmaceutical market is discussed. In the first part of the article, natural sulfoxides will be described with a special focus on sulforaphane and amanitin, a mushroom toxin which has been developed as payload in antibody drug conjugates in the possible cancer treatment. Controversies associated with the medical use of dimethylsulfoxide are briefly described in the next section. In the part devoted to PPIs, the benefits of using pure enantiomers (chiral switch) are d...
Source: Current Opinion in Chemical Biology - June 12, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: El żbieta Wojaczyńska Jacek Wojaczy ński Source Type: research

Ancient complexes of iron and sulfur modulate oncogenes and oncometabolism
Curr Opin Chem Biol. 2023 Jun 7;76:102338. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2023.102338. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTInorganic complexes of iron and sulfur, that is, iron-sulfur [FeS] clusters, have played a fundamental role in life on Earth since the prebiotic period. These clusters were involved in elementary reactions leading to the emergence of life and, since then, gained function in processes, such as respiration, replication, transcription, and the immune response. We discuss how three [FeS] proteins involved in the innate immune response play a role in oncogene expression/function and oncometabolism. Our analysis highlights t...
Source: Current Opinion in Chemical Biology - June 9, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Hoang Thao Nghi Sayeh Shahmohammadi Kourosh H Ebrahimi Source Type: research

Redox regulation of defense against bacterial and viral pathogens
Curr Opin Chem Biol. 2023 Jun 7;76:102339. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2023.102339. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThere is considerable interest in the role of oxygen-derived oxidants (often termed generically reactive oxygen species), and the potential effect of exogenous antioxidants, in the pathogenesis of infectious disease. Most of the published research focuses on the inflammatory response and the concept that oxidants are pro-inflammatory and antioxidants are anti-inflammatory. The present review discusses the evidence that both oxidants and thiol antioxidants are important in the various processes of innate and adaptive im...
Source: Current Opinion in Chemical Biology - June 9, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Pietro Ghezzi Anna Rubartelli Source Type: research