Sorting out the Relationship between Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease and Sleep
AbstractPurpose of ReviewGastroesophageal reflux disease is one of the most common conditions encountered by primary care physicians, gastroenterologists, foregut surgeons and otolaryngologists. While approximately 50% of patients experience nocturnal reflux symptoms, the relationship between gastroesophageal reflux disease and sleep is often overlooked. The aim of this review is to provide an update on the current understanding of this relationship and its clinical implications. Recent studies pertaining to the association between GERD and sleep with focus on sleep disturbances, obstructive sleep apnea, extraesophageal ma...
Source: Current Gastroenterology Reports - August 2, 2021 Category: Gastroenterology Source Type: research
Eosinophilic Gastritis/Gastroenteritis
AbstractPurpose of ReviewEosinophilic gastritis/gastroenteritis (EG/EGE) are rare eosinophilic infiltrative disorders in children and adults that fall under the umbrella term eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders (EGIDs). EGIDs also include eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) and eosinophilic colitis. In this article, we present the current literature regarding the clinical presentation, diagnostic criteria, and management of EG/EGE.Recent FindingsThe underlying complex pathophysiology remains unknown, yet hypersensitivity response is a central component. Unlike EoE, standardized diagnostic criteria are lacking but, promising...
Source: Current Gastroenterology Reports - July 30, 2021 Category: Gastroenterology Source Type: research
Iron Deficiency and the Small bowel
This article reviews iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and suspected small bowel bleeding (SSBB) from initial consultation through laboratory evaluation, endoscopic evaluation, and therapeutic options.Recent FindingsRecent guidelines on management of SSBB, IDA, video capsule endoscopy (VCE), and device-assisted enteroscopy (DAE) are reviewed. The advantages and limitations of VCE, DAE, and imaging are discussed. Medical treatment for refractory small bowel bleeding is discussed.SummaryEvaluation of IDA starts with a detailed history and physical exam. Additional lab work can establish the diagnosis of IDA and evaluate for assoc...
Source: Current Gastroenterology Reports - July 8, 2021 Category: Gastroenterology Source Type: research
Overview of Albumin Physiology and its Role in Pediatric Diseases
This article aims to review albumin physiology and kinetics in children, albumin ’s impact on pediatric diseases, and the utility of albumin as a predictor of clinical outcome.Recent FindingsHypoalbuminemia is seen in a wide range of conditions, including protein-losing enteropathy, hepatic synthetic failure, malnutrition, inflammatory states, and renal disease. While the impact of hypoalbuminemia has been more extensively studied in adult patients, there is a relative paucity of literature in the pediatric population.SummaryHypoalbuminemia is a marker of poor outcome in critically ill children and those undergoing a wid...
Source: Current Gastroenterology Reports - July 2, 2021 Category: Gastroenterology Source Type: research
Review of ERCP Techniques in Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Patients: Highlight on the Novel EUS-Directed Transgastric ERCP (EGDE) Technique
We present a literature review of the EDGE technique from its inception to current, in addition to reviewing other access techniques, their advantages, disadvantages and outcomes. (Source: Current Gastroenterology Reports)
Source: Current Gastroenterology Reports - July 1, 2021 Category: Gastroenterology Source Type: research
B Cell Lymphomas of the GI Tract
AbstractPurpose of the ReviewPrimary GI lymphomas of B cell origin are a diverse group of lymphomas. In this article, we provide an overview of the diagnosis, pathologic and molecular features, and management of these varied lymphomas.Recent FindingsThe most common primary GI lymphomas are diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and marginal zone lymphomas (MZL), but follicular lymphomas (FL), mantle cell lymphomas (MCL), post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLD), and Burkitt lymphoma of the GI tract also occur. Many features of these lymphomas are similar to their nodal counterparts, but certain clinical and biol...
Source: Current Gastroenterology Reports - May 8, 2021 Category: Gastroenterology Source Type: research
Approach to Intestinal Failure in Children
AbstractPurpose of ReviewPediatric intestinal failure is a complex condition requiring specialized care to prevent potential complications. In this article, we review the available evidence supporting recent advances in care for children with intestinal failure.Recent FindingsMultidisciplinary intestinal rehabilitation teams utilize medical and surgical management techniques to help patients achieve enteral autonomy (EA) while preventing and treating the complications associated with intestinal failure. Recent advances in lipid management strategies, minimization of intestinal failure associated liver disease, prevention o...
Source: Current Gastroenterology Reports - April 15, 2021 Category: Gastroenterology Source Type: research
State of the Art: The Impact of Artificial Intelligence in Endoscopy 2020
AbstractPurpose of ReviewRecently numerous researchers have shown remarkable progress using convolutional neural network-based artificial intelligence (AI) for endoscopy. In this manuscript we aim to summarize recent AI impact on endoscopy.Recent FindingsAI for detecting colon polyps has been the most promising area for application of AI in endoscopy. Recent prospective randomized studies showed that AI assisted colonoscopy increased adenoma detection rate and the mean number of adenomas per patient compared to standard colonoscopy alone. AI for optical biopsy of colon polyp showed a negative predictive value of ≥90%. Fo...
Source: Current Gastroenterology Reports - April 14, 2021 Category: Gastroenterology Source Type: research
