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Addressing the Inverse Care Law in Developmental Coordination Disorder and Related Neurodevelopmental Disorders
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe aim of the study is to examine the current evidence of systems and structures for accessing neurodevelopmental disorder services, with a focus on developmental coordination disorder (DCD).Recent FindingsDespite evidence that DCD co-occurs with a number of other developmental disorders, services are often delivered for single conditions separated in space and time. Consequently, parents, children, and adults may have poorly integrated care and transfer from one service to another, costing time and money.SummaryPresent systems struggle to determine who is the most severe or complex and how to pri...
Source: Current Developmental Disorders Reports - March 1, 2018 Category: Child Development Source Type: research

Understanding the Functional Mobility of Adults with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) Through the International Classification of Functioning (ICF)
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis phenomenological study explored the lived experience of six adults with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) and its potential impact on functional mobility. Utilising the International Classification of Functioning (World Health Organisation,2001), the data derived from interviews were analysed to consider how persistent motor impairments impact on activity engagement and participation.Recent FindingsMuch of the research evidence pertaining to DCD focuses on children. However, there is increasing acknowledgment that for some, the motor impairments synonymous with DCD continue into adulth...
Source: Current Developmental Disorders Reports - February 6, 2018 Category: Child Development Source Type: research

Understanding Organisational Ability and Self-Regulation in Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder
AbstractPurpose of the ReviewThis paper examines physical and emotional coherence in young people with developmental coordination disorder (DCD). Specifically, the transactional relationship between motor and non-motor/executive dysfunction in children with DCD and its impact on psychosocial functioning is explored.Recent FindingsThis paper integrates the subjective reported experiences of young people with DCD with objective measurements and findings from neuroimaging studies.SummaryConsideration of the transactional relationship between the person, the activity and the environment, whether these factors be physical, soci...
Source: Current Developmental Disorders Reports - January 23, 2018 Category: Child Development Source Type: research

Understanding, Recognising and Treating Co-occurring Anxiety in Autism
AbstractPurpose of ReviewAutistic people are at increased risk of anxiety, with around 50% of autistic adults and children experiencing this debilitating mental health condition. The purpose of this review is to consider some contemporary ideas about underlying mechanisms for anxiety in autism, explore issues in the identification and assessment of anxiety and discuss emerging trends in anxiety interventions for autistic people, before identifying some important next steps in the field.Recent FindingsEmerging evidence suggests that anxiety may present differently in autism compared to the general population and that whilst...
Source: Current Developmental Disorders Reports - January 23, 2018 Category: Child Development Source Type: research

The Importance of the Left Occipitotemporal Cortex in Developmental Dyslexia
AbstractPurpose of ReviewDevelopmental dyslexia is characterized by an impaired acquisition of fluent and skilled reading ability. Numerous studies have explored the neural correlates of this neurodevelopmental disorder, with most classic accounts strongly focussing on left temporoparietal regions. We will review recent findings from structural and functional MRI studies that suggest a more important role of occipitotemporal cortex abnormalities in dyslexia.Recent FindingsRecent findings highlight the role of the occipitotemporal cortex which exhibits functional as well as structural abnormalities in dyslexic readers and i...
Source: Current Developmental Disorders Reports - January 19, 2018 Category: Child Development Source Type: research

Systematic Review of Suicide in Autism Spectrum Disorder: Current Trends and Implications
AbstractPurpose of the ReviewThere is a heightened risk of suicide in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). An up-to-date systematic review was conducted for studies examining suicide in ASD that were published in the past 5  years.Recent FindingsFour previous systematic reviews were identified. The most recent review included studies published between 1995 and 2014. Combining data cross studies, prevalence of suicide attempts in ASD was estimated to be 7 to 47%, and suicidal ideation was 72%.SummaryThe current review included 13 studies. Compared to previous reviews, we identified a shift to the use of larger cohorts, includin...
Source: Current Developmental Disorders Reports - January 18, 2018 Category: Child Development Source Type: research

Neuromuscular Processes in the Control of Posture in Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder: Current Evidence and Future Research Directions
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe ability to control body position in space is fundamental to all daily activities. This review article summarizes the neurological and muscular deficits that are associated with poor postural control in children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) and includes suggestions for future research work.Recent FindingsThe atypical neuromuscular processes in the control of posture in children with DCD include abnormal structures and functions of the central nervous system, sensory organization disorders, abnormal recruitment of postural muscles, slow muscle contraction, and lower maximum musc...
Source: Current Developmental Disorders Reports - January 18, 2018 Category: Child Development Source Type: research

Adulthood in Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD): a Review of Current Literature Based on ICF Perspective
AbstractPurpose of ReviewEmerging adulthood is usually considered to be the period of life between the ages of 16 and 25  years and described as the stage of life bridging between adolescence and adulthood. The emergence into adulthood provides young people with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) with new challenges. The purpose of this review is to understand in depth how people with DCD present at this age, along with their strength, weaknesses, and challenges and how this may relate to the development of potential service models.Recent FindingsThe ICF framework was used in this review to consider the interacting...
Source: Current Developmental Disorders Reports - January 17, 2018 Category: Child Development Source Type: research

A Review of Social Skills Manuals for Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder
AbstractPurpose of This ReviewAlthough there is a proliferation of published manuals with content addressing the social skills of adolescents with autism spectrum disorder available, there are few all-encompassing resources outlining the content of these sources including the curriculum focus and strategies suggested for teaching the content. The purpose of this review is to describe available social skills manuals so that practitioners can select curricula that address the needs of the individuals with ASD.Recent FindingsTwenty-five published manuals were identified, reviewed, and described by content, suggested structure...
Source: Current Developmental Disorders Reports - January 17, 2018 Category: Child Development Source Type: research

Trends in the Overlap of Autism Spectrum Disorder and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Prevalence, Clinical Management, Language and Genetics
AbstractPurpose of ReviewTo review recent literature on the overlap of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), now both conditions can be dually diagnosed in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental disorders 5th edition.Recent FindingsThere is a high comorbidity with rates of comorbid ASD and ADHD ranging from 40 to 83%. Multidisciplinary assessment and management of the combined presentation is thus required. Language difficulties are a common comorbidity in both ASD and ADHD with around 60% of children with ASD and 40% of those with ADHD having language problems. Twin s...
Source: Current Developmental Disorders Reports - January 17, 2018 Category: Child Development Source Type: research

Addressing the Inverse Care Law in Developmental Coordination Disorder and Related Neurodevelopmental Disorders
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe aim of the study is to examine the current evidence of systems and structures for accessing neurodevelopmental disorder services, with a focus on developmental coordination disorder (DCD).Recent FindingsDespite evidence that DCD co-occurs with a number of other developmental disorders, services are often delivered for single conditions separated in space and time. Consequently, parents, children, and adults may have poorly integrated care and transfer from one service to another, costing time and money.SummaryPresent systems struggle to determine who is the most severe or complex and how to pri...
Source: Current Developmental Disorders Reports - January 17, 2018 Category: Child Development Source Type: research

Analysis of Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ) Screening for Children Less Than Age 4
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ) is a screener for Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) validated for age 4.0  +. There is a clinical need for an ASD screener for children beyond the 30-month age limit of the M-CHAT-R/F. We evaluate the literature on the use of the SCQ in children<  4.0 years.Recent FindingsRecent studies have used very large samples; included typically developing children, rather than just those with developmental disorders; compared the SCQ Lifetime and Current versions; and increased scrutiny of internal validity.SummaryThe sensitivity-specificity balance in distingu...
Source: Current Developmental Disorders Reports - November 4, 2017 Category: Child Development Source Type: research

Use of an Online Clinical Process Support System as an Aid to Identification and Management of Developmental and Mental Health Problems
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe purpose of this review was to describe benefits and problems with screening and addressing developmental and behavioral problems in primary care and using an online clinical process support system as a solution.Recent FindingsScreening has been found to have various implementation barriers including time costs, accuracy, workflow, and knowledge of tools. In addition, training of clinicians in dealing with identified issues is lacking. Patients disclose more to and prefer computerized screening. An online clinical process support system (CHADIS) shows promise in addressing these issues.SummaryUs...
Source: Current Developmental Disorders Reports - October 27, 2017 Category: Child Development Source Type: research

Is There Just One Dyslexic Reader? Evidence for the Existence of Distinct Dyslexic Sub-Groups
AbstractPurpose of ReviewIt is generally agreed that there are individual differences in the severity of the reading deficit in dyslexia. The purpose of this review is to discuss whether recent research strengthens claims that there are also qualitative differences in thetype of reading impairment that individual dyslexic children experience.Recent FindingsRecent research suggests that surface dyslexia exists in larger numbers than has previously been assumed and that different subtypes of surface dyslexia exist in English as well as in Hebrew. Bilinguals with surface dyslexia in English also show the hallmarks of surface ...
Source: Current Developmental Disorders Reports - October 23, 2017 Category: Child Development Source Type: research

Management of an Early Detection Program: Supporting Helpful Features
AbstractPurpose of ReviewYoung children and families need access to a system that can efficiently identify delay and/or disability. However, challenges exist in many communities where early detection efforts are mismanaged. The goal of this article is to describe current challenges with the management of an effective screening program, and describes possible management solutions.Recent FindingsWe found that a process-based model often used in the field of business can offer a useful heuristic for health, education, and social service fields engaged in early detection of delay/disability in early childhood.SummaryIn additio...
Source: Current Developmental Disorders Reports - October 18, 2017 Category: Child Development Source Type: research