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Caregiving Experiences and Outcomes: Wellness of Adult Siblings of People with Intellectual Disabilities
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe goal of this paper is to explore the wellness of adult siblings of people with intellectual disabilities (ID) related to caregiving experiences and outcomes, supports for siblings, gaps in the literature, and future directions to advance research in this area.Recent FindingsFindings are shared from the literature on caregiver experiences of adult siblings of people with ID with a specific focus on outcomes related to wellness. Overall, siblings of people with IDD have positive outcomes in childhood while increased anxiety may happen in adolescence; outcomes for adults are mixed and need greater...
Source: Current Developmental Disorders Reports - July 4, 2018 Category: Child Development Source Type: research

Health Promotion and Wellness Initiatives Targeting Chronic Disease Prevention and Management for Adults with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities: Recent Advancements in Type 2 Diabetes
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe aim of this paper was to review the recent international developments in health promotion and wellness initiatives targeting chronic disease prevention and management for adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) targeting type 2 diabetes (T2D).Recent FindingsThere has been one diabetes prevention program (STOP) and two self-management T2D education programs (DESMOND-ID; OK diabetes) adapted for this population. All three programs have been adapted from other theoretically informed and tested programs developed for the general population. Each program has employed co-design ...
Source: Current Developmental Disorders Reports - June 23, 2018 Category: Child Development Source Type: research

Intellectual Disability and Homelessness: a Synthesis of the Literature and Discussion of How Supportive Housing Can Support Wellness for People with Intellectual Disability
AbstractRecent FindingsAlthough rates of intellectual disabilities (ID) may be elevated in homeless populations, there is little research on homeless adults with ID whose cognitive and adaptive functioning deficits may affect how they respond to usual supports.Purpose of ReviewThis literature synthesis describes the prevalence of ID among homeless adults, the needs of adults experiencing homelessness who have ID, and discusses implications for providing Housing First to people with ID. Housing First is an evidence-based intervention commonly delivered to homeless populations.SummaryPeople with ID are vastly overrepresented...
Source: Current Developmental Disorders Reports - June 21, 2018 Category: Child Development Source Type: research

Service Access to Reduce Parenting Stress in Parents of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders
AbstractPurpose of the ReviewAutism spectrum disorders (ASD) are on the rise. Research has consistently shown that parents of children with ASD experience high levels of stress that impacts their health and emotional well-being.Recent FindingsParents of children with ASD report more stress and psychological distress than parents of children with other disabilities and typically developing children. Stressors are present throughout the child ’s lifespan and are exacerbated at transition points (e.g., transition from high school to adulthood). However, support services may help alleviate parental stress.SummaryParents of c...
Source: Current Developmental Disorders Reports - June 1, 2018 Category: Child Development Source Type: research

Standard, Complementary, and Future Treatment Options for Tics
AbstractPurpose of ReviewTics occur in up to 20% of children and are a defining feature of Tourette syndrome (TS). When treatment is necessary, there are many options available. The purpose of this review is to present an overview of the standard, complementary/alternative medicine (CAM), and emerging treatments of tics and provide examples of the current evidence supporting these therapies.Recent FindingsBehavioral therapy and conventional pharmacotherapy are the mainstays of treatment and have the strongest evidence to support their use. CAM is common, but there are few rigorous randomized, controlled trials evaluating t...
Source: Current Developmental Disorders Reports - June 1, 2018 Category: Child Development Source Type: research

A Comprehensive Review of Tourette Syndrome and Complementary Alternative Medicine
AbstractPurpose of ReviewTourette syndrome (TS) is a neuropsychiatric condition defined by both motor and phonic tics over a period of at least 1  year with the onset before 18 years of age. The purpose of this article is to review the use of complementary alternative medicine (CAM) in children and adults with Tourette syndrome with emphasis on recent research.Recent FindingsMost patients do not tell their physician about the use of CAM unless if specifically asked. Of the studies reviewed, description of the treatment and the frequency of use were most often reported. Few studies examine the role or effectiveness of CAM...
Source: Current Developmental Disorders Reports - June 1, 2018 Category: Child Development Source Type: research

Restricted and Repetitive Behaviors in Autism Spectrum Disorder: a Review of Associated Features and Presentation Across Clinical Populations
AbstractPurpose of the ReviewRestricted and repetitive behaviors (RRBs) are a core feature of autism spectrum disorder, though relatively under-studied compared to social communication deficits. The focus of this review is individual differences in RRBs, associated features, and change in presentation of RRBs over development. Additionally, a review of repetitive behaviors in typical development as well as other diagnostic categories is presented, with the goal of increasing our understanding of the function and prevalence of RRBs across diagnostic categories and across development more broadly.Recent FindingsThere is an i...
Source: Current Developmental Disorders Reports - June 1, 2018 Category: Child Development Source Type: research

Tourette ’s From a Neuropsychological Perspective
AbstractPurpose of ReviewPediatric neuropsychologists have interest in the relationship between neurodevelopmental disorders and chronic health conditions, and the developing brain. With growing survivorship of children with such conditions, pediatric neuropsychologists are increasingly looking to the literature for guidance regarding evaluation and treatment approaches, including those for Tourette ’s syndrome. The purpose of this article is to raise awareness of the complexity in the clinical presentation of Tourette’s so that patient care is optimal, and generation of literature for future study of the elusive aspec...
Source: Current Developmental Disorders Reports - June 1, 2018 Category: Child Development Source Type: research

Restricted and Repetitive Behaviors in Autism Spectrum Disorder: a Review of Associated Features and Presentation Across Clinical Populations
AbstractPurpose of the ReviewRestricted and repetitive behaviors (RRBs) are a core feature of autism spectrum disorder, though relatively under-studied compared to social communication deficits. The focus of this review is individual differences in RRBs, associated features, and change in presentation of RRBs over development. Additionally, a review of repetitive behaviors in typical development as well as other diagnostic categories is presented, with the goal of increasing our understanding of the function and prevalence of RRBs across diagnostic categories and across development more broadly.Recent FindingsThere is an i...
Source: Current Developmental Disorders Reports - April 17, 2018 Category: Child Development Source Type: research

A Comprehensive Review of Tourette Syndrome and Complementary Alternative Medicine
AbstractPurpose of ReviewTourette syndrome (TS) is a neuropsychiatric condition defined by both motor and phonic tics over a period of at least 1  year with the onset before 18 years of age. The purpose of this article is to review the use of complementary alternative medicine (CAM) in children and adults with Tourette syndrome with emphasis on recent research.Recent FindingsMost patients do not tell their physician about the use of CAM unless if specifically asked. Of the studies reviewed, description of the treatment and the frequency of use were most often reported. Few studies examine the role or effectiveness of CAM...
Source: Current Developmental Disorders Reports - March 27, 2018 Category: Child Development Source Type: research

Tourette ’s From a Neuropsychological Perspective
AbstractPurpose of ReviewPediatric neuropsychologists have interest in the relationship between neurodevelopmental disorders and chronic health conditions, and the developing brain. With growing survivorship of children with such conditions, pediatric neuropsychologists are increasingly looking to the literature for guidance regarding evaluation and treatment approaches, including those for Tourette ’s syndrome. The purpose of this article is to raise awareness of the complexity in the clinical presentation of Tourette’s so that patient care is optimal, and generation of literature for future study of the elusive aspec...
Source: Current Developmental Disorders Reports - March 27, 2018 Category: Child Development Source Type: research

Service Access to Reduce Parenting Stress in Parents of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders
AbstractPurpose of the ReviewAutism spectrum disorders (ASD) are on the rise. Research has consistently shown that parents of children with ASD experience high levels of stress that impacts their health and emotional well-being.Recent FindingsParents of children with ASD report more stress and psychological distress than parents of children with other disabilities and typically developing children. Stressors are present throughout the child ’s lifespan and are exacerbated at transition points (e.g., transition from high school to adulthood). However, support services may help alleviate parental stress.SummaryParents of c...
Source: Current Developmental Disorders Reports - March 22, 2018 Category: Child Development Source Type: research

Standard, Complementary, and Future Treatment Options for Tics
AbstractPurpose of ReviewTics occur in up to 20% of children and are a defining feature of Tourette syndrome (TS). When treatment is necessary, there are many options available. The purpose of this review is to present an overview of the standard, complementary/alternative medicine (CAM), and emerging treatments of tics and provide examples of the current evidence supporting these therapies.Recent FindingsBehavioral therapy and conventional pharmacotherapy are the mainstays of treatment and have the strongest evidence to support their use. CAM is common, but there are few rigorous randomized, controlled trials evaluating t...
Source: Current Developmental Disorders Reports - March 22, 2018 Category: Child Development Source Type: research

Understanding the Functional Mobility of Adults with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) Through the International Classification of Functioning (ICF)
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis phenomenological study explored the lived experience of six adults with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) and its potential impact on functional mobility. Utilising the International Classification of Functioning (World Health Organisation,2001), the data derived from interviews were analysed to consider how persistent motor impairments impact on activity engagement and participation.Recent FindingsMuch of the research evidence pertaining to DCD focuses on children. However, there is increasing acknowledgment that for some, the motor impairments synonymous with DCD continue into adulth...
Source: Current Developmental Disorders Reports - March 1, 2018 Category: Child Development Source Type: research

Understanding, Recognising and Treating Co-occurring Anxiety in Autism
AbstractPurpose of ReviewAutistic people are at increased risk of anxiety, with around 50% of autistic adults and children experiencing this debilitating mental health condition. The purpose of this review is to consider some contemporary ideas about underlying mechanisms for anxiety in autism, explore issues in the identification and assessment of anxiety and discuss emerging trends in anxiety interventions for autistic people, before identifying some important next steps in the field.Recent FindingsEmerging evidence suggests that anxiety may present differently in autism compared to the general population and that whilst...
Source: Current Developmental Disorders Reports - March 1, 2018 Category: Child Development Source Type: research