The rural enterprise crime complex: ‘undefendable rural space’ and the threat from the fortress farm
AbstractIn respsonse to the concept of the ‘fortress farm’ and its appropriation of traditional defensible space theory, this article introduces the conditions of undefendable rural space and the rural enterprise crime complex. Perspectives that invert traditional theory to determine contexts conducive to the incidence of rural enterpris e crime. Empirical data from extensive fieldwork on crimes against wild animals in rural England is used to argue that the fortress and undefendable rural space can in effect serve to ‘design-out’ crime control and lock crime in. A dichotomous outcome, which creates a fortress for ...
Source: Crime, Law and Social Change - September 1, 2023 Category: Criminology Source Type: research
Decreasing corruption in the field of disaster management
AbstractCorruption has always existed in the field of national disaster management. Although many case studies on (anti)corruption have been carried out, these works have not dealt sufficiently with the evidence. The present research aims to study how to shift from corruption to anti-corruption, or simply, how to decrease corruption within the system. The comparative perspective is applied as the major methodology. The “damp-ground” style is where corruption breeds, whereas the “sunshine-based” style is where disaster management ethics, structure, transparency, and regional characteristics are established, sustaine...
Source: Crime, Law and Social Change - September 1, 2023 Category: Criminology Source Type: research
Female violence in terror attacks: a phenomenological analysis based on evidence from the “Intifada of the Individuals”
AbstractThis research focuses on violence by females who were involved in terror attacks in Israel during theIntifada of the Individuals between September 2015 and October 2016. Videos of encounters during this conflict present a sample of females perpetrating terror attacks, responding as armed security personnel, or participating (or not) in mob violence following the attack. Using theThree Agent Model of terror attacks, we sorted female modes of participation into “Aggressor,” “Disruptor,” and part of “Crowd.” We analyzed 20 terror attacks with female aggressors and 8 terror attacks with female disruptors, e...
Source: Crime, Law and Social Change - September 1, 2023 Category: Criminology Source Type: research
COVID-19 as a trigger for racially motivated and extremist violent crime: a temporal analysis of hate crimes in Slovakia amidst a global pandemic
AbstractThe current study offers a first attempt to examine a relationship between the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic and racially motivated and extremist violent crime rates across regions in Slovakia. The Slovak Republic provides an interesting setting for bias crime evaluation, as the nation ’s interrelation between migration, race, socioeconomic status, and social identity offers important potential drivers of bias-motivated violence. We go beyond previous work by investigating connections between the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, immigration rates, employment rates, and violent hate crime incidence and victi...
Source: Crime, Law and Social Change - August 23, 2023 Category: Criminology Source Type: research
Legal aspects of corporate systems for preventing cybercrime among personnel
The objectives of the study are to analyze the practices of using systems to combat cybercrime phenomena in the corporate sphere. This analysis includes a review of the use of preventive measures by the personnel of top high-tech companies such as Apple and Samsung. The research implies to study the regulatory component of corporate systems for preventing cybercrime among personnel in the context of existing practices and approaches to the legal regulation of this issue. The study examines the relationship of corporate instructions in the field of cybersecurity. The results of the study indicate that the regulatory basis o...
Source: Crime, Law and Social Change - August 8, 2023 Category: Criminology Source Type: research
How organizational culture shapes criminal organizations ’ street-level territorial control capabilities: a study of Los Zetas
AbstractCriminologists concur that only a minority of organized crime groups (OCGs) seek to establish physical, uninterrupted control over geographic spaces. Despite the rarity of OCGs that effectively regulate who may enter or leave ‘their’ territory, and under which conditions, they constitute one of the most blatant challenges organized crime poses to the state and its institutions. Using the Mexican OCG, Los Zetas, as a case study, this article explores the putative relationship between OCGs’ street-level territorial c ontrol capabilities and their organizational cultures. Drawing primarily on the narratives of f...
Source: Crime, Law and Social Change - July 21, 2023 Category: Criminology Source Type: research
Market and network corruption: Theory and evidence
AbstractIn this paper, we study a division between market corruption —impersonal bribery—and network corruption that operates through social connections. We provide a thorough theoretical discussion of this division, compare it with other categorizations of corruption, and also demonstrate differences between market and network corruption existing in practice. Us ing data from the World Economic Forum in the period from 2007 to 2016 we measure market and network corruption across about 150 countries all over the globe and show that network corruption is more related to countries’ cultural backgrounds and more harmful...
Source: Crime, Law and Social Change - July 11, 2023 Category: Criminology Source Type: research
Rich scholar, poor scholar: inequalities in research capacity, “knowledge” abysses, and the value of unconventional approaches to research
AbstractThe dominance ofmodern rationality in knowledge production implies that the distribution of intellectual capital highly depends on the capacity to gather representative data and generate generalizable theses. Furthermore, as research becomes more formalized and dominated by large funding schemes, intellectual capital allocation is increasingly associated with high economic, labor force and institutional power. This phenomenon has consequences at the global level. As the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) has documented, there are significant disparities between countries in re...
Source: Crime, Law and Social Change - July 5, 2023 Category: Criminology Source Type: research
Online and offline determinants of drug trafficking across countries via cryptomarkets
AbstractDrug cryptomarkets are a significant development in the recent history of illicit drug markets. Dealers and buyers can now finalize transactions with people they have never met, who could be located anywhere across the globe. What factors shape the geography of international drug trafficking via these cryptomarkets? In our current study, we test the determinants of drug trafficking through cryptomarkets by using a mix of social network analysis and a new dataset composed of self-reported transactions. Our findings contribute to existing research by demonstrating that a country ’s level of technological advancemen...
Source: Crime, Law and Social Change - July 2, 2023 Category: Criminology Source Type: research
