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A scoping review of therapeutic reasoning process research
AbstractTherapeutic reasoning is when the purpose, task, or goal for engaging in reasoning is to determine the patient ’s management plan. As the field’s understanding of the process of therapeutic reasoning is less well understood, we focused on studies that collected data on the process of therapeutic reasoning. To synthesize previous studies of therapeutic reasoning characteristics, methodological approaches, theoretical underpinnings, and results. We conducted a scoping review with systematic searching for English language articles with no date limits. Databases included MEDLINE, CINAHL Plus, Scopus, Embase, Proque...
Source: Advances in Health Sciences Education - April 12, 2023 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: research

Integrating simulation and interpretive description to explore operating room leadership: critical event continuing education
AbstractIn Obstetrics and Gynecologic operating room emergencies, the surgeon cannot both operate and lead a suddenly expanded and redirected team response. However, one of the most often used approaches to interprofessional continuing education designed to improve teams ’ ability to respond to unanticipated critical events still emphasizes surgeon leadership. We developed Explicit Anesthesia and Nurse Distributed (EXPAND) Leadership to imagine a workflow that might better distribute emergency leadership task responsibilities and practices. The purpose of this exp loratory study was to investigate teams’ responses to d...
Source: Advances in Health Sciences Education - April 6, 2023 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: research

Harmen Tiddens (1923 –2002): A butterfly’s impact on medical education
AbstractThe history of medical education scholarship is often overlooked. Moreover, although productive educational researchers are often recognized for their scholarly contributions in peer-reviewed publications, the impact of others who are not active medical education researchers may be unknown to contemporary educators and scholars. This short paper describes the contributions of Harmen Tiddens, MD PhD to Utrecht and Maastricht Universities where he established the environment and supports for scholars to undertake profoundly influential work. Through his leadership as the founding Dean of Maastricht ’s new medical s...
Source: Advances in Health Sciences Education - March 15, 2023 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: research

Teaching critical reflection in health professions education with transformative-vygotskian praxis
We present (a) an analysis of two theories of education in HPE: Transformative Learning and Vygotskian Cultural Historical Theory. We (b) outline a pedagogical approach that applies Piotr Gal’perin’s SCOBA: schema for the complete orienting basis of an action. We then employ (a) and (b) to provide affordances for developing materials for educational interventions across HPE contexts. (Source: Advances in Health Sciences Education)
Source: Advances in Health Sciences Education - March 8, 2023 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: research

How much is enough?
AbstractIn this editorial, the Editor-in-Chief considers the question of ‘how much is enough?’ in health professions education and health professions education research, and she explores some of the implications of how this perennial question might be answered. (Source: Advances in Health Sciences Education)
Source: Advances in Health Sciences Education - March 1, 2023 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: research

The impact of patient skin colour on diagnostic ability and confidence of medical students
This study aimed to examine whether patient skin colour can affect the diagnostic ability and confidence of medical students, and their cognitive reasoning processes. We presented students with 12 different clinical presentations on both white skin (WS) and non-white skin (NWS). A think aloud (TA) study was conducted to explore students ’ cognitive reasoning processes (n = 8). An online quiz was also conducted where students submitted a diagnosis and confidence level for each clinical presentation (n = 185). In the TA interviews, students used similar levels of information gathering and analytical reasoning for e...
Source: Advances in Health Sciences Education - March 1, 2023 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: research

Admitting privileges: A construction ecology perspective on the unintended consequences of medical school admissions
AbstractMedical-school applicants learn from many sources that they must stand out to fit in. Many construct self-presentations intended to appeal to medical-school admissions committees from the raw materials of work and volunteer experiences, in order to demonstrate that they will succeed in a demanding profession to which access is tightly controlled. Borrowing from the field of architecture the lens of construction ecology, which considers buildings in relation to the global effects of the resources required for their construction, we reframe medical-school admissions as a social phenomenon that has far-reaching harmfu...
Source: Advances in Health Sciences Education - March 1, 2023 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: research

Questions and Quandaries: How to respond to reviewer comments
AbstractThis column is intended to address the kinds of knotty problems and dilemmas with which many scholars grapple in studying health professions education. In this first article, the authors address the question of how to respond to a request for revisions after review, including the quandary of how best to respond to conflicting feedback. (Source: Advances in Health Sciences Education)
Source: Advances in Health Sciences Education - February 28, 2023 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: research

Understandings and practices: Towards socially responsive curricula for the health professions
This study contributes to the literature on health professions education as a force for social justice. It highlights the implications of transformative curriculum renewal and offers insights on how health professions educators embrace notions of social responsiveness and health equity to engage with these underlying principles within their teaching. (Source: Advances in Health Sciences Education)
Source: Advances in Health Sciences Education - February 2, 2023 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: research

Ethics without borders: an analysis of national and international guidelines on ethics in basic medical education
This study aims to identify and examine the content of existing national or international guidelines on the inclusion of ethics in basic medical education, in the English language. B y doing so, it hopes to explore and highlight the similarities and differences regarding their pedagogical goals and their prescribed content, thereby contributing to a more holistic understanding on the state of medical ethics education. Methods: Data collection was performed through systematic sea rches on Google and on scientific databases. The guidelines that fulfilled the inclusion criteria were thematically analyzed using the method prop...
Source: Advances in Health Sciences Education - February 2, 2023 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: research

On the use and abuse of metaphors in assessment
AbstractThis paper is motivated by a desire to advance assessment in the health professions through encouraging the judicious and productive use of metaphors. Through five specific examples (pixels, driving lesson/test, jury deliberations, signal processing, and assessment as a toolbox), we interrogate how metaphors are being used in assessment to consider what value they add to understanding and implementation of assessment practices. By unpacking these metaphors in action, we probe each metaphor ’s rationale and function, the gains each metaphor makes, and explore the unintended meanings they may carry. In summarizing ...
Source: Advances in Health Sciences Education - February 2, 2023 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: research

Relationship between learning approach, Bloom ’s taxonomy, and student performance in an undergraduate Human Anatomy course
AbstractResearchers have long been interested in understanding how different learning approaches impact learning outcomes. Learning approaches are often conceptualized as a dichotomy of superficial and deep, and learning outcomes are typically viewed on a cognitive scale that ranges from lower- to higher-order. While there appears to be an inherent relationship between learning approach and outcomes where superficial approaches lead to lower-order learning and deep approaches result in higher-order learning, this concept is not well documented. The purpose of this study is to better understand this relationship by evaluati...
Source: Advances in Health Sciences Education - February 2, 2023 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: research

Do students ’ personality traits change during medical training? A longitudinal cohort study
AbstractMany medical schools incorporate assessments of personal characteristics, including personality traits, in their selection process. However, little is known about whether changes in personality traits during medical training affect the predictive validity of personality assessments. The present study addressed this issue by examining the stability of personality traits and their predictive validity over a 6-year medical training course. Participants were two cohorts of Swiss medical students (N  = 272, 72% of students admitted to Year 2) from whom we collected demographic data, Swiss medical studies aptitude te...
Source: Advances in Health Sciences Education - February 2, 2023 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: research

The effects of job characteristics on physicians ’ orientation toward lifelong learning
In conclusion, examining physicians’ job demands, job control and social support helps us to understand their orientation toward lifelong learning and may provide insight to improve educational strategies. (Source: Advances in Health Sciences Education)
Source: Advances in Health Sciences Education - January 27, 2023 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: research

Clinician educators ’ conceptions of assessment in medical education
AbstractIn pursuing assessment excellence, clinician-educators who design and implement assessment are pivotal. The influence of their assessment practice in university-run licensure exams on student learning has direct implications for future patient care. While teaching practice has been shown to parallel conceptions of teaching, we know too little about conceptions of assessment in medical education to know if this is the case for assessment practice and conceptions of assessment. To explore clinician-educators ’ conceptions of assessment, a phenomenographic study was undertaken. Phenomenography explores conceptions, ...
Source: Advances in Health Sciences Education - January 20, 2023 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: research