Advances in Health Sciences Education 
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This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.Persistence as a mediator between motivation and performance accomplishment among medical students: a mixed method approach
This study examined the relationship between motivation, performance accomplishment, and persistence as a mediator among medical students. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected through a two-stage sequential design to investigate the hypothesised model. A sample of 645 medical undergraduates participated in the quantitative stage, responding to an electronically structured questionnaire. Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modelling were utilised to analyse the data and assess the fit of the conceptual model. In the qualitative stage, semi-structured interviews were conducted with a purposeful s...
Source: Advances in Health Sciences Education - February 23, 2024 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: research
Assessing supervisor versus trainee viewpoints of entrustment through cognitive and affective lenses: an artificial intelligence investigation of bias in feedback
AbstractThe entrustment framework redirects assessment from considering only trainees ’ competence to decision-making about their readiness to perform clinical tasks independently. Since trainees and supervisors both contribute to entrustment decisions, we examined the cognitive and affective factors that underly their negotiation of trust, and whether trainee demographic character istics may bias them. Using a document analysis approach, we adapted large language models (LLMs) to examine feedback dialogs (N = 24,187, each with an associated entrustment rating) between medical student trainees and their clinical supe...
Source: Advances in Health Sciences Education - February 23, 2024 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: research
“I never wanted to burn any bridges”: discerning between pushing too hard and not enough in trainees’ acts of professional resistance
AbstractAs trainees resist social harm and injustice in medicine, they must navigate the tension between pushing too hard and risking their reputation, or not enough and risking no change at all. We explore the discernment process by examining what trainees attend to moments before and while they are resisting to understand how they manage this tension. We interviewed 18 medical trainees who shared stories of resisting social harm and injustice in their training environments. Interviews were analyzed using open and focused coding using Vinthagen and Johansson ’s work, which conceptualizes resistance as a dynamic process ...
Source: Advances in Health Sciences Education - February 13, 2024 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: research
The case for metacognitive reflection: a theory integrative review with implications for medical education
AbstractThe concepts of metacognitive reflection, reflection, and metacognition are distinct but have undergone shifts in meaning as they migrated into medical education. Conceptual clarity is essential to the construction of the knowledge base of medical education and its educational interventions. We conducted a theoretical integrative review across diverse bodies of literature with the goal of understanding what metacognitive reflection is. We searched PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, PsychInfo, and Web of Science databases, including all peer-reviewed research articles and theoretical papers as well as book chapters that addres...
Source: Advances in Health Sciences Education - February 12, 2024 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: research
Medical students ’ motivations for participating in an elective focused on social inequalities and health disparities
In this study, we examine students ’ reasons for pursuing elective training focused on medical racism and systemic health inequities at a midwestern medical school. Data collection included semi-structured interviews with students who participated in an optional course focused on these topics. We analyzed their motivations, goals, and interests using reflexive thematic analysis and created three themes based on students’ responses. Theme (1) “pre-existing conditions” focuses on students’ knowledge, beliefs, worldviews and experience prior to the class. Theme (2) “enacting change” examines their desires to bec...
Source: Advances in Health Sciences Education - February 5, 2024 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: research
Exploring the use of metacognitive monitoring cues following a diagram completion intervention
This study explored the types and patterns of cues used by participants after being subjected to a diagram completion task prior to their prediction of performance (PoP). Participants’ thought processes were studied by means of a think-aloud method during diagram completion and the subsequent PoP. Resu lts suggest that relying on comprehension-specific cues may lead to a better PoP. Poor monitors relied on multiple cue types and failed to use available cues appropriately. They gave more incorrect responses and made commission errors in the diagram, which likely led to their overconfidence. Good mo nitors, on the other ha...
Source: Advances in Health Sciences Education - January 29, 2024 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: research
The effect of the attitude towards risk/ambiguity on examination grades: cross-sectional study in a Portuguese medical school
This study aims to measure the effect of students ’ attitude towards risk and ambiguity on their number of correct, wrong, and blank answers. In October 2018, 233 3rd year medical students from the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, in Porto, Portugal, completed a questionnaire which assessed the student’s attitudes towards risk an d ambiguity, and aversion to ambiguity in medicine. Simple and multiple regression models and the respective regression coefficients were used to measure the association between the students’ attitudes, and their answers in two examinations that they had taken in June 2018. Ha...
Source: Advances in Health Sciences Education - January 15, 2024 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: research
An exploration of values in medical school admissions processes: the interplay between contextual factors, admissions practices, and validity
This study documents various values that influence admissions processes, practices, and quality monitoring. The values that shape what is assessed, how it is assessed, and how fair and defensible practices are conceptualized have significant impact, ultimately determining who is selected. These values —whether implicit or explicit—result in intended and unintended consequences in selection processes. However, these values are rarely explicitly examined and questioned, leaving it uncertain as to which consequences are the intended outcomes of deliberately chosen values, and which are unintende d consequences of implicit...
Source: Advances in Health Sciences Education - December 8, 2023 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: research
Training healthcare professionals to be ready for practice in an era of social distancing: a realist evaluation
AbstractBackgroundProgramme changes due to the COVID-19 pandemic have impacted variably on preparation for practice of healthcare professional students. Explanations for such variability need exploration. The aim of our study was to understand what clinical learning, whilst under socially distanced restrictions, worked and why (or why not).MethodsWe conducted a realist evaluation of the undergraduate healthcare programmes at one UK university in 2020 –21. Initial programme theories to be tested in this study were derived from discussions with programme leads about the changes they implemented due to the pandemic. Study p...
Source: Advances in Health Sciences Education - December 8, 2023 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: research
An exploration of values in medical school admissions processes: the interplay between contextual factors, admissions practices, and validity
This study documents various values that influence admissions processes, practices, and quality monitoring. The values that shape what is assessed, how it is assessed, and how fair and defensible practices are conceptualized have significant impact, ultimately determining who is selected. These values —whether implicit or explicit—result in intended and unintended consequences in selection processes. However, these values are rarely explicitly examined and questioned, leaving it uncertain as to which consequences are the intended outcomes of deliberately chosen values, and which are unintende d consequences of implicit...
Source: Advances in Health Sciences Education - December 8, 2023 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: research
The effects of procedural and conceptual knowledge on visual learning
AbstractEven though past research suggests that visual learning may benefit from conceptual knowledge, current interventions for medical image evaluation often focus on procedural knowledge, mainly by teaching classification algorithms. We compared the efficacy of pure procedural knowledge (three-point checklist for evaluating skin lesions) versus combined procedural plus conceptual knowledge (histological explanations for each of the three points). All students then trained their classification skills with a visual learning resource that included images of two types of pigmented skin lesions: benign nevi and malignant mel...
Source: Advances in Health Sciences Education - December 7, 2023 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: research
Pathologists aren ’t pigeons: exploring the neural basis of visual recognition and perceptual expertise in pathology
AbstractVisual (perceptual) reasoning is a critical skill in many medical specialties, including pathology, diagnostic imaging, and dermatology. However, in an ever-compressed medical curriculum, learning and practicing this skill can be challenging. Previous studies (including work with pigeons) have suggested that using reward-feedback-based activities, novices can gain expert levels of visual diagnostic accuracy in shortened training times. But is this level of diagnostic accuracy a result of image recognition (categorization) or is it the acquisition of diagnostic expertise? To answer this, the authors measured electro...
Source: Advances in Health Sciences Education - December 1, 2023 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: research
Seeing the invisible: extracurricular learning processes and learning outcome as experienced by student volunteers accompanying persons in a socially vulnerable situation to healthcare appointments —an ethnographic study
This study explores an extracurricular learning approach, called the Social Health Bridge-Building Programme, designed to address health inequities. Student volunteers accompany persons in a socially vulnerable situation to healthcare appointments. Operating outside the realms of health education, the programme intends to provide an alternative road to training healthcare students to become capable of engaging with diverse populations, and reducing barriers to healthcare access. Based on an ethnographic fieldwork, using interviews and participant observation ( “walking along”) as methods, the aim of the study was to ex...
Source: Advances in Health Sciences Education - December 1, 2023 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: research
