Grooming Time Predicts Survival: American Kestrels, < em > Falco sparverius < /em > , on a Subtropical Island
Am Nat. 2023 Apr;201(4):603-609. doi: 10.1086/723412. Epub 2023 Feb 15.ABSTRACTAbstractAnimals have evolved a variety of adaptations to care for their body surfaces, such as grooming behavior, which keeps the integument clean, parasite-free, and properly arranged. Despite extensive research on the grooming of mammals, birds, and arthropods, the survival value of grooming has never been directly measured in natural populations. We monitored grooming and survival in a population of marked American kestrels (Falco sparverius) on San Salvador Island, Bahamas. We found a strong association between time spent grooming and surviv...
Source: The American Naturalist - March 23, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Sarah E Bush Dale H Clayton Source Type: research
The Difficulty of Predicting Evolutionary Change in Response to Novel Ecological Interactions: A Field Experiment with < em > Anolis < /em > Lizards
Am Nat. 2023 Apr;201(4):537-556. doi: 10.1086/723209. Epub 2023 Feb 17.ABSTRACTAbstractDetermining whether and how evolution is predictable is an important goal, particularly as anthropogenic disturbances lead to novel species interactions that could modify selective pressures. Here, we use a multigeneration field experiment with brown anole lizards (Anolis sagrei) to test hypotheses about the predictability of evolution. We manipulated the presence/absence of predators and competitors of A. sagrei across 16 islands in the Bahamas that had preexisting brown anole populations. Before the experiment and again after roughly f...
Source: The American Naturalist - March 23, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Timothy J Thurman Todd M Palmer Jason J Kolbe Arash M Askary Kiyoko M Gotanda Oriol Lapiedra Tyler R Kartzinel Naomi Man In't Veld Liam J Revell Johanna E Wegener Thomas W Schoener David A Spiller Jonathan B Losos Robert M Pringle Rowan D H Barrett Source Type: research
The Difficulty of Predicting Evolutionary Change in Response to Novel Ecological Interactions: A Field Experiment with < em > Anolis < /em > Lizards
Am Nat. 2023 Apr;201(4):537-556. doi: 10.1086/723209. Epub 2023 Feb 17.ABSTRACTAbstractDetermining whether and how evolution is predictable is an important goal, particularly as anthropogenic disturbances lead to novel species interactions that could modify selective pressures. Here, we use a multigeneration field experiment with brown anole lizards (Anolis sagrei) to test hypotheses about the predictability of evolution. We manipulated the presence/absence of predators and competitors of A. sagrei across 16 islands in the Bahamas that had preexisting brown anole populations. Before the experiment and again after roughly f...
Source: The American Naturalist - March 23, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Timothy J Thurman Todd M Palmer Jason J Kolbe Arash M Askary Kiyoko M Gotanda Oriol Lapiedra Tyler R Kartzinel Naomi Man In't Veld Liam J Revell Johanna E Wegener Thomas W Schoener David A Spiller Jonathan B Losos Robert M Pringle Rowan D H Barrett Source Type: research
Grooming Time Predicts Survival: American Kestrels, < em > Falco sparverius < /em > , on a Subtropical Island
Am Nat. 2023 Apr;201(4):603-609. doi: 10.1086/723412. Epub 2023 Feb 15.ABSTRACTAbstractAnimals have evolved a variety of adaptations to care for their body surfaces, such as grooming behavior, which keeps the integument clean, parasite-free, and properly arranged. Despite extensive research on the grooming of mammals, birds, and arthropods, the survival value of grooming has never been directly measured in natural populations. We monitored grooming and survival in a population of marked American kestrels (Falco sparverius) on San Salvador Island, Bahamas. We found a strong association between time spent grooming and surviv...
Source: The American Naturalist - March 23, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Sarah E Bush Dale H Clayton Source Type: research
The Difficulty of Predicting Evolutionary Change in Response to Novel Ecological Interactions: A Field Experiment with < em > Anolis < /em > Lizards
Am Nat. 2023 Apr;201(4):537-556. doi: 10.1086/723209. Epub 2023 Feb 17.ABSTRACTAbstractDetermining whether and how evolution is predictable is an important goal, particularly as anthropogenic disturbances lead to novel species interactions that could modify selective pressures. Here, we use a multigeneration field experiment with brown anole lizards (Anolis sagrei) to test hypotheses about the predictability of evolution. We manipulated the presence/absence of predators and competitors of A. sagrei across 16 islands in the Bahamas that had preexisting brown anole populations. Before the experiment and again after roughly f...
Source: The American Naturalist - March 23, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Timothy J Thurman Todd M Palmer Jason J Kolbe Arash M Askary Kiyoko M Gotanda Oriol Lapiedra Tyler R Kartzinel Naomi Man In't Veld Liam J Revell Johanna E Wegener Thomas W Schoener David A Spiller Jonathan B Losos Robert M Pringle Rowan D H Barrett Source Type: research
Grooming Time Predicts Survival: American Kestrels, < em > Falco sparverius < /em > , on a Subtropical Island
Am Nat. 2023 Apr;201(4):603-609. doi: 10.1086/723412. Epub 2023 Feb 15.ABSTRACTAbstractAnimals have evolved a variety of adaptations to care for their body surfaces, such as grooming behavior, which keeps the integument clean, parasite-free, and properly arranged. Despite extensive research on the grooming of mammals, birds, and arthropods, the survival value of grooming has never been directly measured in natural populations. We monitored grooming and survival in a population of marked American kestrels (Falco sparverius) on San Salvador Island, Bahamas. We found a strong association between time spent grooming and surviv...
Source: The American Naturalist - March 23, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Sarah E Bush Dale H Clayton Source Type: research
The Difficulty of Predicting Evolutionary Change in Response to Novel Ecological Interactions: A Field Experiment with < em > Anolis < /em > Lizards
Am Nat. 2023 Apr;201(4):537-556. doi: 10.1086/723209. Epub 2023 Feb 17.ABSTRACTAbstractDetermining whether and how evolution is predictable is an important goal, particularly as anthropogenic disturbances lead to novel species interactions that could modify selective pressures. Here, we use a multigeneration field experiment with brown anole lizards (Anolis sagrei) to test hypotheses about the predictability of evolution. We manipulated the presence/absence of predators and competitors of A. sagrei across 16 islands in the Bahamas that had preexisting brown anole populations. Before the experiment and again after roughly f...
Source: The American Naturalist - March 23, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Timothy J Thurman Todd M Palmer Jason J Kolbe Arash M Askary Kiyoko M Gotanda Oriol Lapiedra Tyler R Kartzinel Naomi Man In't Veld Liam J Revell Johanna E Wegener Thomas W Schoener David A Spiller Jonathan B Losos Robert M Pringle Rowan D H Barrett Source Type: research
The Difficulty of Predicting Evolutionary Change in Response to Novel Ecological Interactions: A Field Experiment with < em > Anolis < /em > Lizards
Am Nat. 2023 Apr;201(4):537-556. doi: 10.1086/723209. Epub 2023 Feb 17.ABSTRACTAbstractDetermining whether and how evolution is predictable is an important goal, particularly as anthropogenic disturbances lead to novel species interactions that could modify selective pressures. Here, we use a multigeneration field experiment with brown anole lizards (Anolis sagrei) to test hypotheses about the predictability of evolution. We manipulated the presence/absence of predators and competitors of A. sagrei across 16 islands in the Bahamas that had preexisting brown anole populations. Before the experiment and again after roughly f...
Source: The American Naturalist - March 23, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Timothy J Thurman Todd M Palmer Jason J Kolbe Arash M Askary Kiyoko M Gotanda Oriol Lapiedra Tyler R Kartzinel Naomi Man In't Veld Liam J Revell Johanna E Wegener Thomas W Schoener David A Spiller Jonathan B Losos Robert M Pringle Rowan D H Barrett Source Type: research
Grooming Time Predicts Survival: American Kestrels, < em > Falco sparverius < /em > , on a Subtropical Island
Am Nat. 2023 Apr;201(4):603-609. doi: 10.1086/723412. Epub 2023 Feb 15.ABSTRACTAbstractAnimals have evolved a variety of adaptations to care for their body surfaces, such as grooming behavior, which keeps the integument clean, parasite-free, and properly arranged. Despite extensive research on the grooming of mammals, birds, and arthropods, the survival value of grooming has never been directly measured in natural populations. We monitored grooming and survival in a population of marked American kestrels (Falco sparverius) on San Salvador Island, Bahamas. We found a strong association between time spent grooming and surviv...
Source: The American Naturalist - March 23, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Sarah E Bush Dale H Clayton Source Type: research
The Difficulty of Predicting Evolutionary Change in Response to Novel Ecological Interactions: A Field Experiment with < em > Anolis < /em > Lizards
Am Nat. 2023 Apr;201(4):537-556. doi: 10.1086/723209. Epub 2023 Feb 17.ABSTRACTAbstractDetermining whether and how evolution is predictable is an important goal, particularly as anthropogenic disturbances lead to novel species interactions that could modify selective pressures. Here, we use a multigeneration field experiment with brown anole lizards (Anolis sagrei) to test hypotheses about the predictability of evolution. We manipulated the presence/absence of predators and competitors of A. sagrei across 16 islands in the Bahamas that had preexisting brown anole populations. Before the experiment and again after roughly f...
Source: The American Naturalist - March 23, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Timothy J Thurman Todd M Palmer Jason J Kolbe Arash M Askary Kiyoko M Gotanda Oriol Lapiedra Tyler R Kartzinel Naomi Man In't Veld Liam J Revell Johanna E Wegener Thomas W Schoener David A Spiller Jonathan B Losos Robert M Pringle Rowan D H Barrett Source Type: research
Grooming Time Predicts Survival: American Kestrels, < em > Falco sparverius < /em > , on a Subtropical Island
Am Nat. 2023 Apr;201(4):603-609. doi: 10.1086/723412. Epub 2023 Feb 15.ABSTRACTAbstractAnimals have evolved a variety of adaptations to care for their body surfaces, such as grooming behavior, which keeps the integument clean, parasite-free, and properly arranged. Despite extensive research on the grooming of mammals, birds, and arthropods, the survival value of grooming has never been directly measured in natural populations. We monitored grooming and survival in a population of marked American kestrels (Falco sparverius) on San Salvador Island, Bahamas. We found a strong association between time spent grooming and surviv...
Source: The American Naturalist - March 23, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Sarah E Bush Dale H Clayton Source Type: research
The Difficulty of Predicting Evolutionary Change in Response to Novel Ecological Interactions: A Field Experiment with < em > Anolis < /em > Lizards
Am Nat. 2023 Apr;201(4):537-556. doi: 10.1086/723209. Epub 2023 Feb 17.ABSTRACTAbstractDetermining whether and how evolution is predictable is an important goal, particularly as anthropogenic disturbances lead to novel species interactions that could modify selective pressures. Here, we use a multigeneration field experiment with brown anole lizards (Anolis sagrei) to test hypotheses about the predictability of evolution. We manipulated the presence/absence of predators and competitors of A. sagrei across 16 islands in the Bahamas that had preexisting brown anole populations. Before the experiment and again after roughly f...
Source: The American Naturalist - March 23, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Timothy J Thurman Todd M Palmer Jason J Kolbe Arash M Askary Kiyoko M Gotanda Oriol Lapiedra Tyler R Kartzinel Naomi Man In't Veld Liam J Revell Johanna E Wegener Thomas W Schoener David A Spiller Jonathan B Losos Robert M Pringle Rowan D H Barrett Source Type: research
Grooming Time Predicts Survival: American Kestrels, < em > Falco sparverius < /em > , on a Subtropical Island
Am Nat. 2023 Apr;201(4):603-609. doi: 10.1086/723412. Epub 2023 Feb 15.ABSTRACTAbstractAnimals have evolved a variety of adaptations to care for their body surfaces, such as grooming behavior, which keeps the integument clean, parasite-free, and properly arranged. Despite extensive research on the grooming of mammals, birds, and arthropods, the survival value of grooming has never been directly measured in natural populations. We monitored grooming and survival in a population of marked American kestrels (Falco sparverius) on San Salvador Island, Bahamas. We found a strong association between time spent grooming and surviv...
Source: The American Naturalist - March 23, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Sarah E Bush Dale H Clayton Source Type: research
The Difficulty of Predicting Evolutionary Change in Response to Novel Ecological Interactions: A Field Experiment with < em > Anolis < /em > Lizards
Am Nat. 2023 Apr;201(4):537-556. doi: 10.1086/723209. Epub 2023 Feb 17.ABSTRACTAbstractDetermining whether and how evolution is predictable is an important goal, particularly as anthropogenic disturbances lead to novel species interactions that could modify selective pressures. Here, we use a multigeneration field experiment with brown anole lizards (Anolis sagrei) to test hypotheses about the predictability of evolution. We manipulated the presence/absence of predators and competitors of A. sagrei across 16 islands in the Bahamas that had preexisting brown anole populations. Before the experiment and again after roughly f...
Source: The American Naturalist - March 23, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Timothy J Thurman Todd M Palmer Jason J Kolbe Arash M Askary Kiyoko M Gotanda Oriol Lapiedra Tyler R Kartzinel Naomi Man In't Veld Liam J Revell Johanna E Wegener Thomas W Schoener David A Spiller Jonathan B Losos Robert M Pringle Rowan D H Barrett Source Type: research
Grooming Time Predicts Survival: American Kestrels, < em > Falco sparverius < /em > , on a Subtropical Island
Am Nat. 2023 Apr;201(4):603-609. doi: 10.1086/723412. Epub 2023 Feb 15.ABSTRACTAbstractAnimals have evolved a variety of adaptations to care for their body surfaces, such as grooming behavior, which keeps the integument clean, parasite-free, and properly arranged. Despite extensive research on the grooming of mammals, birds, and arthropods, the survival value of grooming has never been directly measured in natural populations. We monitored grooming and survival in a population of marked American kestrels (Falco sparverius) on San Salvador Island, Bahamas. We found a strong association between time spent grooming and surviv...
Source: The American Naturalist - March 23, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Sarah E Bush Dale H Clayton Source Type: research
