Langerhans cell histiocytosis —An update and rare case presentation

AbstractLangerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare condition caused by the abnormal proliferation of a type of dendritic cell of the immune system (Langerhans cells). Accumulation of the cells can take place in one or multiple organs of the body and results in localised tissue destruction. The most commonly affected site is the bones and 50% of these cases present in facial bones, meaning an awareness of the condition by dental specialists is important. Although debated, LCH is currently categorised as a cancerous process that is treated in some cases with chemotherapy. Its first mention in medical literature was in the mid-1800s but it was not recognised as LCH until 1973. Here we present a case of LCH presenting in the mandibular condyle of a 27-year-old female with symptoms commonly associated with temporomandibular joint dysfunction. Failing to respond to simple conservative measures by her general dental practitioner, the patient was referred to her local oral and maxillofacial surgery unit for further management. Complicated by a pathological fracture of the mandible, the diagnosis of LCH required a multi-disciplinary approach to management and subsequent surgical resection of the lesion and reconstruction with a costochondral rib graft.
Source: Oral Surgery - Category: ENT & OMF Authors: Tags: CASE REPORT Source Type: research