Correlations between cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers, neurocognitive tests, and resting-state electroencephalography (rsEEG) in patients with HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders

AbstractHIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) are highly prevalent in people living with HIV (PLWH) despite successful treatment with combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). HAND pathogenesis is complex and definitive surrogate biomarkers are not clearly defined. Brain function has been assessed through the evaluation of cortical source rhythms with delta waves associated with neurological impairment. The aim of this study was to assess the correlation between EEG cortical sources, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers, and neurocognitive tests in PLWH with HAND. PLWH with HAND without significant comorbidities were enrolled. Baseline rsEEG-LORETA waves, CSF biomarkers (t-tau, p-tau, β-amiloid42, neopterin, S100 β), and neurocognitive tests were correlated and compared through non-parametric tests (Spearman’s rho and Mann–Whitney); data are presented as medians (interquartile ranges). Fifty-four patients were enrolled. Median time of suppressed HIV-RNA and CD4+ T-lymphocyte were 10  years (5.5–15) and 691/uL (477–929). Thirty-nine participants (72%) underwent CSF collection: abnormal biomarkers were found in a small percentage. Only neopterin showed a statistically significant correlation with delta activity [parietal (rho 0.579;p <  0.001), occipital (rho 0.493;p = 0.007), and global sources (rho 0.464p = 0.011)]. Seven patients (12.9%) showed an abnormal neopterin level (>  1.5 ng/mL) with significantly higher delta source activity...

Source: Journal of NeuroVirology - January 19, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research