Novel ventilation techniques in children

Paediatr Anaesth. 2021 Nov 27. doi: 10.1111/pan.14344. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTExtraordinary progress has been made during the past few decades in the development of anesthesia machines and ventilation techniques. With unprecedented precision and performance, modern machines for pediatric anesthesia can deliver appropriate mechanical ventilation for children and infants of all sizes and with ongoing respiratory diseases, ensuring very small volume delivery and compensating for circuit compliance. Along with highly accurate monitoring of the delivered ventilation, modern ventilators for pediatric anesthesia also have a broad choice of ventilation modalities, including synchronized and assisted ventilation modes, which were initially conceived for ventilation weaning in the intensive care setting. Despite these technical advances, there is still room for improvement in pediatric mechanical ventilation. There is a growing effort to minimize the harm of intraoperative mechanical ventilation of children by adopting the protective ventilation strategies that were previously employed only for prolonged mechanical ventilation. More than ever, the pediatric anesthesiologist should now recognize that positive-pressure ventilation is potentially a harmful procedure, even in healthy children, as it can contribute to both ventilator-induced lung injury and ventilator-induced diaphragmatic dysfunction. Therefore, careful choice of the ventilation modality and its parameters is of par...

Source: Paediatric Anaesthesia - November 27, 2021 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Andr é Dos Santos Rocha Walid Habre Gergely Albu Source Type: research