Long ‐term incidence of upper extremity venous obstruction in implantable cardioverter defibrillator patients

ConclusionSevere obstruction of the access veins after ICD implantation occurs frequently and its prevalence shows a nearly linear increase over long-time follow-up. Multiple leads, an advanced age and DCM as underlying disease are associated with an increased risk of venous obstruction while the role of anticoagulation to prevent venous obstruction in ICD patients is unclear.

Source: Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology : PACE - May 25, 2021 Category: Cardiology Authors: Fritz W. Horlbeck, Christopher Eckerth, Markus Linhart, Christian Schaefer, Mark Jakob, Simon Pingel, Ute Klarmann ‐Schulz, Georg Nickenig, Joerg O. Schwab Tags: DEVICES Source Type: research