Varied parameters and utility of the anal position index: a systematic review and meta-analysis

ConclusionThe anteriorly positioned anus has been associated with constipation. API been measured in various ethnic  populations with insignificant variations. The API is significantly (p< 0.05) higher in males. The presence of constipation does not seem to alter API. One should adopt a single method for measurement. API should not be considered at the sole indication for any surgical intervention.
Source: Pediatric Surgery International - Category: Surgery Source Type: research