Effects of Diabetic Ketoacidosis on Executive Function in Children With Type 1 Diabetes: Evidence From Wisconsin Card Sorting Test Performance

This study aimed to determine whether a history of DKA was associated with changes in executive function in children with T1DM. Methods The sample consisted of 99 patients with T1DM with histories of DKA, 82 patients with T1DM without DKA, and 100 healthy controls aged 7 to 18 years. Neuropsychological function and emotion assessments were performed in all participants. The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) was used to assess executive function. Results Compared with healthy controls, the DKA group (but not the non-DKA group) had a significantly lower mean intelligence quotient (IQ; p = .006, Cohen d = 0.528) and a significantly higher rate of WCST perseverative errors (p = .006, Cohen d = 0.475). In the DKA group, the age at DKA onset was significantly associated with the IQ (p = .001) and the number of completed WCST categories (p = .046). Higher hemoglobin A1c levels were associated significantly with lower IQ (p
Source: Psychosomatic Medicine - Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLES Source Type: research