Antioxidant response to cadmium exposure in primary skeletal muscle cells isolated from humans and elephant seals

Publication date: Available online 22 October 2019Source: Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Toxicology & PharmacologyAuthor(s): Adriana C. Del Águila-Vargas, José Pablo Vázquez-Medina, Daniel E. Crocker, Lia C. Méndez-Rodriguez, Ramón Gaxiola-Robles, Juan A. de Anda-Montañez, Luis Javier Ramirez-Jirano, Orlando Lugo-Lugo, Tania Zenteno-SavínAbstractCadmium (Cd) occurs naturally; however, its concentration can increase with anthropogenic activities. Excess Cd increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and oxidative damage, which can lead to pathological conditions. Marine mammals accumulate Cd in the liver and the kidney; yet, there are no reports of Cd-associated tissue damage in whales, seals or dolphins. Response to Cd exposure (0–5.0 μM CdCl2 for 1–12 h) was analyzed and compared in primary skeletal muscle cells isolated from northern elephant seals (Mirounga angustirostris) and humans (Homo sapiens). Antioxidant enzyme activities (glutathione S-transferase, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase), glutathione concentration, and protein carbonyl levels (an indicator of oxidative damage) were quantified. Glutathione levels were higher in northern elephant seal than in human cells. Protein carbonyl content in cells exposed to Cd was lower and had a smaller variability range in elephant seals than in humans. Generalized linear models (GLIM) identified Cd exposure and antioxidant defenses as significant contributors to protein carbo...
Source: Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Toxicology and Pharmacology - Category: Toxicology Source Type: research