Febuxostat attenuates ulcerative colitis by the inhibition of NF- κB, proinflammatory cytokines, and oxidative stress in mice.

Febuxostat attenuates ulcerative colitis by the inhibition of NF-κB, proinflammatory cytokines, and oxidative stress in mice. Int Immunopharmacol. 2019 Sep 06;76:105884 Authors: Amirshahrokhi K Abstract Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder characterized by oxidative stress and upregulation of proinflammatory mediators in colonic tissue. Febuxostat, a xanthine oxidase inhibitor has been shown to exert anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of febuxostat against ulcerative colitis, and to elucidate the potential mechanisms involved. Experimental colitis was induced in mice by intrarectal administration of 5% acetic acid. Mice were treated with febuxostat (10 and 20 mg/kg/day, orally) for three days. Results showed that body weight loss, colon shortening, macroscopic damage and histopathological changes of colonic mucosa were reduced in mice treated with febuxostat. Treatment of mice with febuxostat significantly increased the levels of glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), and decreased the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), carbonyl protein, xanthine oxidase, nitric oxide (NO) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity of colon tissue compared with those in the acetic acid-induced colitis group. The expression of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) as a key regulator of inflammation in the colonic tissue was decreased by febuxostat. Furthermore treatm...
Source: International Immunopharmacology - Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Tags: Int Immunopharmacol Source Type: research