Disabling the G{beta}{gamma}-SNARE interaction disrupts GPCR-mediated presynaptic inhibition, leading to physiological and behavioral phenotypes

G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs) that couple to Gi/o proteins modulate neurotransmission presynaptically by inhibiting exocytosis. Release of Gβ subunits from activated G proteins decreases the activity of voltage-gated Ca2+ channels (VGCCs), decreasing excitability. A less understood Gβ-mediated mechanism downstream of Ca2+ entry is the binding of Gβ to SNARE complexes, which facilitate the fusion of vesicles with the cell plasma membrane in exocytosis. Here, we generated mice expressing a form of the SNARE protein SNAP25 with premature truncation of the C terminus and that were therefore partially deficient in this interaction. SNAP253 homozygote mice exhibited normal presynaptic inhibition by GABAB receptors, which inhibit VGCCs, but defective presynaptic inhibition by receptors that work directly on the SNARE complex, such as 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) 5-HT1b receptors and adrenergic α2a receptors. Simultaneously stimulating receptors that act through both mechanisms showed synergistic inhibitory effects. SNAP253 homozygote mice had various behavioral phenotypes, including increased stress-induced hyperthermia, defective spatial learning, impaired gait, and supraspinal nociception. These data suggest that the inhibition of exocytosis by Gi/o-coupled GPCRs through the Gβ-SNARE interaction is a crucial component of numerous physiological and behavioral processes.

Source: Signal Transduction Knowledge Environment - February 19, 2019 Category: Science Authors: Zurawski, Z., Thompson Gray, A. D., Brady, L. J., Page, B., Church, E., Harris, N. A., Dohn, M. R., Yim, Y. Y., Hyde, K., Mortlock, D. P., Jones, C. K., Winder, D. G., Alford, S., Hamm, H. E. Tags: STKE Research Articles Source Type: news