Are GIS-modelled routes a useful proxy for the actual routes followed by commuters?

In conclusion, GIS routes may be acceptable for distance estimation and to explore potential routes, particularly active commuting. However, GPS should be used to obtain accurate estimates of environmental contexts in which commuting behaviour actually occurs. Public health researchers should bear these considerations in mind when studying the geographical determinants and health implications of commuting behaviour, and when recommending policy changes to encourage active travel.
Source: Journal of Transport and Health - Category: Occupational Health Source Type: research