Inflammatory stress in islet β-cells: therapeutic implications for type 2 diabetes?

Inflammatory stress in islet β-cells: therapeutic implications for type 2 diabetes? Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2018 Aug 21;43:40-45 Authors: Lytrivi M, Igoillo-Esteve M, Cnop M Abstract Type 2 diabetes is a common complex disease. Relatively little is known about the underlying pathophysiology. Mild islet inflammation has been suggested to play a pathogenic role; here we review the available evidence. Mild islet inflammation is histologically detected in pancreas sections of type 2 diabetic patients. In experimental models, it can be triggered by excess nutrients, amyloid, lipopolysaccharide, and endoplasmic reticulum and oxidative stress. Transcriptome studies do not consistently identify pro-inflammatory gene expression signatures in type 2 diabetic islets, and genetic evidence calls into question the causality of inflammation. Several anti-inflammatory medications confer a modest glucose-lowering effect, supporting the role for inflammation in type 2 diabetes. Whether these anti-inflammatory therapies target inflammation in islets or in other metabolically relevant tissues remains unknown. PMID: 30142486 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current Opinion in Pharmacology - Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Tags: Curr Opin Pharmacol Source Type: research