Histone H3K4 monomethylation catalyzed by Trr and mammalian COMPASS-like proteins at enhancers is dispensable for development and viability

Nature Genetics 49, 1647 (2017). doi:10.1038/ng.3965 Authors: Ryan Rickels, Hans-Martin Herz, Christie C Sze, Kaixiang Cao, Marc A Morgan, Clayton K Collings, Maria Gause, Yoh-hei Takahashi, Lu Wang, Emily J Rendleman, Stacy A Marshall, Annika Krueger, Elizabeth T Bartom, Andrea Piunti, Edwin R Smith, Nebiyu A Abshiru, Neil L Kelleher, Dale Dorsett & Ali Shilatifard Histone H3 lysine 4 monomethylation (H3K4me1) is an evolutionarily conserved feature of enhancer chromatin catalyzed by the COMPASS-like methyltransferase family, which includes Trr in Drosophila melanogaster and MLL3 (encoded by KMT2C) and MLL4 (encoded by KMT2D) in mammals. Here we demonstrate that Drosophila embryos expressing catalytically deficient Trr eclose and develop to productive adulthood. Parallel experiments with a trr allele that augments enzyme product specificity show that conversion of H3K4me1 at enhancers to H3K4me2 and H3K4me3 is also compatible with life and results in minimal changes in gene expression. Similarly, loss of the catalytic SET domains of MLL3 and MLL4 in mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) does not disrupt self-renewal. Drosophila embryos with trr alleles encoding catalytic mutants manifest subtle developmental abnormalities when subjected to temperature stress or altered cohesin levels. Collectively, our findings suggest that animal development can occur in the context of Trr or mammalian COMPASS-like proteins deficient in H3K4 monomethylation activity and point to a p...
Source: Nature Genetics - Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Tags: Letter Source Type: research