Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1 α Activates the Transforming Growth Factor-β/SMAD3 Pathway in Kidney Tubular Epithelial Cells

Conclusions: These findings suggest that HIF-1 α induced by hypoxia activates the TGF-β/SMAD3 pathway. This mechanism may promote kidney injury, especially by upregulating genes related to fibrosis.Am J Nephrol 2016;44:276-285
Source: American Journal of Nephrology - Category: Neurology Source Type: research