Microvesicles as Vehicles for Tissue Regeneration: Changing of the Guards

AbstractPurpose of ReviewMicrovesicles (MVs) have been recognised as mediators of stem cell function, enabling and guiding their regenerative effects.Recent FindingsMVs constitute one unique size class of extracellular vesicles (EVs) directly shed from the cell plasma membrane. They facilitate cell-to-cell communication via intercellular transfer of proteins, mRNA and microRNA (miRNA). MVs derived from stem cells, or stem cell regulatory cell types, have proven roles in tissue regeneration and repair processes. Their role in the maintenance of healthy tissue function throughout the life course and thus in age related health span remains to be elucidated.SummaryUnderstanding the biogenesis and mechanisms of action of MVs may enable the development of cell-free therapeutics capable of assisting in tissue maintenance and repair for a variety of age-related degenerative diseases. This review critically evaluates recent work published in this area and highlights important new findings demonstrating the use of MVs in tissue regeneration.
Source: Current Pathobiology Reports - Category: Laboratory Medicine Source Type: research