Adiponectin Inhibits Nutrient Transporters and Promotes Apoptosis in Human Villous Cytotrophoblasts: Involvement in the Control of Fetal Growth.

Adiponectin Inhibits Nutrient Transporters and Promotes Apoptosis in Human Villous Cytotrophoblasts: Involvement in the Control of Fetal Growth. Biol Reprod. 2016 Mar 30; Authors: Duval F, Dos Santos E, Poidatz D, Sérazin V, Gronier H, Vialard F, Dieudonné MN Abstract The placenta exchanges nutrients between the mother and the fetus, and requires a constant abundant energy supply. Adiponectin (a cytokine produced primarily by adipose tissue) controls glucose and lipid homeostasis. It is well known that maternal serum adiponectin levels are inversely related to birth weight suggesting that adiponectin has a negative effect on fetal growth. This effect appears to be related to the control of nutrient transporters in human placenta. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms have not yet been characterized. In the present work, we studied adiponectin's direct effect on human primary cytotrophoblasts from first-trimester placenta. Our result showed that in placental cells, adiponectin (i) inhibits the expression of the major glucose transporters (GLUT1 and GLUT12) and sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporters (SNAT1, SNAT2, and SNAT4), (ii) enhances total ATP production but decreases lactate production, (iii) inhibits mitochondrial biogenesis and function, and (iv) stimulates cell death by enhancing the expression of the pro-apoptotic B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2)-associated X protein (BAX) and tumor protein P53 (TP53) gene expressi...
Source: Biology of Reproduction - Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Tags: Biol Reprod Source Type: research