Physical activity and progenitor cell-mediated endothelial repair in chronic heart failure: is there a role for epigenetics?

Publication date: Available online 22 March 2016 Source:Mechanisms of Ageing and Development Author(s): Rina Recchioni, Fiorella Marcheselli, Roberto Antonicelli, Raffaella Lazzarini, Emanuela Mensà, Roberto Testa, Antonio Domenico Procopio, Fabiola Olivieri Chronic heart failure (CHF) is the most common cardiac disease among the elderly and a leading cause of mortality in elderly patients. Endothelial dysfunction is held to have a major role in the development and progression of CHF, which results in progressively impaired functional capacity. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and circulating angiogenic cells (CACs) are the main players involved in the endogenous repair mechanisms that can counteract endothelial dysfunction. A mounting body of data indicates that exercise enhances endothelial renewal through mobilization of bone marrow-derived EPCs and CACs, making it an effective therapeutic tool for CHF. Interestingly, emerging evidence has been showing that exercise training can also promote epigenetic modifications, e.g. DNA methylation, histone modifications, and differential expression of specific non-coding RNAs like microRNA (miRNAs). Since deregulation of the miRNAs involved in endothelial function modulation has widely been documented in circulating cells and plasma of CHF patients, deregulation of epigenetic features could play a key role in disease progression. Here, we review current knowledge of the contribution of EPCs and CACs to endoth...
Source: Mechanisms of Ageing and Development - Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research