Molecular diagnosis of human toxoplasmosis: the state of the art

AbstractToxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is an obligate intracellular apicomplexan protozoan that causes toxoplasmosis. Approximately one-third of the world ’s population is currentlyT. gondii-seropositive. Although most infections are symptomless, a few can produce retinal lesions and, in immunocompromised persons or when congenitally contracted, can progress to life-threatening central nervous system disseminated infections. Therefore, quick, and precise diagnosis is a must. Molecular techniques nowadays play a crucial role in toxoplasmosis diagnosis, particularly in immunocompromised patients or congenital toxoplasmosis. This review aimed to detail recent advancements in molecular diagnostics ofT. gondii infections. The terms “Toxoplasmosis,” “Molecular diagnostics,” “PCR,” “qPCR,” “B1,” and “rep529” were used to search the English-language literature. In developed nations, conventional PCR (PCR) and nested PCR have been supplanted by quantitative PCR (qPCR), although they are still widely employe d in poor nations. The diagnosis of toxoplasmosis has been revolutionized by the emergence of molecular diagnostics. Unfortunately, there is still substantial interlaboratory variability. There is an immediate need for standardization to increase the comparability of results between laboratories and clinical trials.Graphical abstract A graphical abstract highlighting the summary ofToxoplasma molecular diagnostics, created using Biorender.com.
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - Category: Parasitology Source Type: research