360 ° around the orbit: key surgical anatomy of the microsurgical and endoscopic cranio-orbital and orbitocranial approaches

CONCLUSIONS: This study outlines the essential surgical steps for major cranio-orbital and orbitocranial approaches. Endoscopic endonasal approaches offer direct medial access, potentially providing bilateral exposure to optic canals. ETOAs serve as both orbital access and as a corridor to surrounding regions. Cranio-orbital approaches follow a lateral-to-medial, superior-to-inferior trajectory, progressively allowing removal of protective bony structures for proportional orbit access.PMID:38560949 | DOI:10.3171/2024.1.FOCUS23866

Source: Neurosurgical Focus - April 1, 2024 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Edoardo Agosti A Yohan Alexander Pedro Plou Luciano C P C Leonel Alessandro De Bonis Megan M J Bauman Ainhoa Garc ía-Lliberós Amedeo Piazza Fabio Torregrossa Carlos D Pinheiro Neto Maria Peris Celda Source Type: research