Evaluation of free and immobilized cellulase on chitosan-modified magnetic nanoparticles for saccharification of sorghum residue

Bioprocess Biosyst Eng. 2024 Apr 12. doi: 10.1007/s00449-024-03010-7. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTEnzymatic hydrolysis plays a pivotal role in transforming lignocellulosic biomass. Addressing alternate techniques to optimize the utilization of cellulolytic enzymes is one strategy to improve its efficiency and lower process costs. Cellulases are highly specific and environmentally benign biocatalysts that break down intricate polysaccharides into simple forms of sugars. In contrast to the most difficult and time-consuming enzyme immobilization processes, in this research, we studied simple, mild, and successful techniques for immobilization of pure cellulase on magnetic nanocomposites using glutaraldehyde as a linker and used in the application of sorghum residue biomass. Fe3O4 nanoparticles were coated with chitosan from the co-precipitation method, which served as an enzyme carrier. The nanoparticles were observed under XRD, Zeta Potential, FESEM, VSM, and FTIR. The size morphology results presented that the Cs@Fe3O4 have 42.2 nm, while bare nanoparticles (Fe3O4) have 31.2 nm in size. The pure cellulase reaches to 98.07% of loading efficiency and 71.67% of recovery activity at optimal conditions. Moreover, immobilized enzyme's pH stability, thermostability, and temperature tolerance were investigated at suitable conditions. The kinetic parameters of free and immobilized enzyme were estimated as Vmax; 29 ± 1.51 and 27.03 ± 2.02 µmol min-1 mg-1, Km; 4.7 ± 0.49 mM and 2.5...
Source: Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering - Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Source Type: research