The global prevalence of Cyclospora cayetanensis infection: A systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression

Acta Trop. 2024 Mar 14:107175. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107175. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTCyclospora cayetanensis (C. cayetanensis) is a significant pathogen that causes diarrheal illness and causes large foodborne diarrhea outbreaks in the USA and Canada. However, there is currently a lack of published meta-analysis on the prevalence of C. cayetanensis infection in the global population. A real estimation of a disease prevalence should always be done on the basis of studies designed for that purpose. We conducted a comprehensive search of various databases for articles pertaining to the prevalence of C. cayetanensis infection in humans, spanning from the inception of these databases to March 10, 2023. Utilizing a random effects model, we estimated the prevalence of C. cayetanensis infection in humans. Our analysis included a total of 150 datasets sourced from 42 different countries, which were ultimately selected for the final quantitative assessment. The prevalence of C. cayetanensis infection in humans worldwide was estimated to be 3.4% (5636/166,611). Notably, Africa exhibited the highest prevalence rate at 5.9% (606/11,068). Further subgroup analysis revealed a significantly higher infection rate in humans residing in low-income countries (7.6%, 83/921) compared to those in lower-middle-income countries (4.8%, 3280/48,852), upper-middle-income countries (2.9%, 2194/99,419), and high-income countries (0.4%, 79/17,419). The results indicate that the global preva...
Source: Acta Tropica - Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Source Type: research