Energy and Macronutrient Intakes in Young Athletes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Int J Sports Med DOI: 10.1055/a-2108-5691The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of
differences in energy and macronutrient intakes between young athletes and
non-athletes, considering age, gender and sport characteristics. The study
included original research articles that compared energy and macronutrient
intakes of 8 to 18-year-old athletes to non-athletes. Mean difference (MD)
meta-analyses were performed to quantify energy and macronutrient intake
differences between athletes and non-athletes. Eighteen observational studies
were included. Results revealed that the energy and carbohydrate consumption of
athletes was higher than that of non-athletes
(MD=4.65kcal/kg/d, p<0.01 and
MD=1.65% of total energy intake, p<0.01, respectively).
Subgroup analyses revealed a significant effect of total training time on the
observed mean differences between athletes and non-athletes. As practice time
increased, the differences between athletes and non-athletes increased for
carbohydrate and decreased for protein. Sport type analysis revealed a higher
protein intake by mixed sport athletes compared to endurance and power sports.
Analyses also indicated an age effect: the older the athletes, the smaller the
differences between athletes and non-athletes for energy intake. However, t...
Source: International Journal of Sports Medicine - Category: Sports Medicine Authors: Lehmann, Lisa Giacomoni, Magali Del Sordo, Giovanna Raymond, Jean-Jacques Duch é, Pascale Margaritis, Ir ène Tags: Review Source Type: research
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