Masculinizing hormone therapy effect on breast tissue: Changes in estrogen and androgen receptors in transgender female-to-male mastectomies

CONCLUSION: Increased androgen exposure is associated with lobular atrophy and gynecomastoid changes in breast parenchyma. Overall, ER and AR are expressed strongly in lobular epithelium in patients with prolonged androgen exposure. Exogenous testosterone does not appear to increase risk for breast cancer. Additional studies are needed to investigate the mechanism responsible for these changes at a cellular level and its role in cancer development.PMID:37951051 | DOI:10.1016/j.breast.2023.103596
Source: Breast - Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Source Type: research