Exposure of progressive immune dysfunction by SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia: A prospective cohort study

by Kai Qin, Kazuhito Honjo, Scott Sherrill-Mix, Weimin Liu, Regina M. Stoltz, Allisa K. Oman, Lucinda A. Hall, Ran Li, Sarah Sterrett, Ellen R. Frederick, Jeffrey R. Lancaster, Mayur Narkhede, Amitkumar Mehta, Foluso J. Ogunsile, Rima B. Patel, Thomas J. Ketas, Victor M. Cruz Portillo, Albert Cupo, Benjamin M. Larimer, Anju Bansal, Paul A. Goepfert, Beatrice H. Hahn, Randall S. Davis BackgroundPatients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) have reduced seroconversion rates and lower binding antibody (Ab) and neutralizing antibody (NAb) titers than healthy individuals following Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) mRNA vaccination. Here, we dissected vaccine-mediated humoral and cellular responses to understand the mechanisms underlying CLL-induced immune dysfunction. Methods and findingsWe performed a prospective observational study in SARS-CoV-2 infection-na ïve CLL patients (n = 95) and healthy controls (n = 30) who were vaccinated between December 2020 and June 2021. Sixty-one CLL patients and 27 healthy controls received 2 doses of the Pfizer-BioNTech BNT162b2 vaccine, while 34 CLL patients and 3 healthy controls received 2 doses of the Moderna mRNA-1273 vaccine. The median time to analysis was 38 days (IQR, 27 to 83) for CLL patients and 36 days (IQR, 28 to 57) for healthy controls. Testing plasma samples for SARS-CoV-2 anti-spike and receptor-binding domain Abs by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), we found that all healthy controls se...
Source: PLoS Medicine - Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Source Type: research