Integrating multimodal information in machine learning for classifying acute myocardial infarction

Objective. Prompt identification and recognization of myocardial ischemia/infarction (MI) is the most important goal in the management of acute coronary syndrome. The 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) is widely used as the initial screening tool for patients with chest pain but its diagnostic accuracy remains limited. There is early evidence that machine learning (ML) algorithms applied to ECG waveforms can improve performance. Most studies are designed to classify MI from healthy controls and thus are limited due to the lack of consideration of ECG abnormalities from other cardiac conditions, leading to false positives. Moreover, clinical information beyond ECG has not yet been well leveraged in existing ML models. Approach. The present study considered downstream clinical implementation scenarios in the initial model design by dichotomizing study recordings from a public large-scale ECG dataset into a MI class and a non-MI class with the inclusion of MI-confounding conditions. Two experiments were conducted to systematically investigate the impact of two important factors entrained in the modeling process, including the duration of ECG, and the value of multimodal information for model training. A novel multimodal deep learning architecture was proposed to learn joint features from both ECG and patient demographics. Main results. The multimodal model achieved better performance than the ECG-only model, with a mean area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 92.1...
Source: Physiological Measurement - Category: Physiology Authors: Source Type: research