The human gut microbiota and glucose metabolism: a scoping review of key bacteria and the potential role of SCFAs

We present the current evidence for identified key bacteria and their potential roles in glucose metabolism independent of overweight, obesity, and metabolic drugs. We provide support for SCFAs mediating such effects and discuss the role of diet, as well as metabolites derived from diet and gut microbiota interactions. From 5983 initially identified PubMed records, 45 original studies were eligible and reviewed. α Diversity and 45 bacterial taxa were associated with selected outcomes. Six taxa were most frequently associated with glucose metabolism:Akkermansia muciniphila, Bifidobacterium longum, Clostridium leptum group,Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, andFaecalibacterium (inversely associated) andDorea (directly associated). ForDorea andA. muciniphila, associations were independent of metabolic drugs and body measures. ForA. muciniphila andF. prausnitzii, limited evidence supported SCFA mediation of potential effects on glucose metabolism. We conclude that observational studies applying metagenomics sequencing to identify species-level relations are warranted, as are studies accounting for confounding factors and investigating SCFA and postprandial glucose metabolism. Such advances in the field will, together with mechanistic and prospective studies and investigations into diet –gut microbiota interactions, have the potential to bring critical insight into roles of gut microbiota and microbial metabolites in human glucose metabolism and to contribute toward the development ...
Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition - Category: Nutrition Source Type: research