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SARS-CoV-2: Pathogenic Mechanisms and Host Immune Response
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2021;1313:99-134. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-67452-6_6.ABSTRACTSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is an enveloped, positive-sense RNA coronavirus responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic. Since December 2019, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has affected more than 127 million people, 2.7 million deaths globally (as per WHO dashboard, dated 31 March, 2020), the virus is capable of transmitting from human to human via inhalation of infected respiratory droplets or aerosols or contact with infected fomites. Clinically, patients with COVID-19 present with severe respiratory distress synd...
Source: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology - October 18, 2021 Category: Research Authors: Hadida Yasmin Sudipta Saha Mariam Tariq Butt Rishab Kumar Modi Andrew J T George Uday Kishore Source Type: research

Cardiovascular, neurological, and pulmonary events following vaccination with the BNT162b2, ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, and Ad26.COV2.S vaccines: An analysis of European data
In conclusion, both virus-based COVID-19 vaccines show more SAEs than BNT, but the frequency of the SAE type in the different age groups differs, suggesting that the mechanisms responsible of SAEs overlap only partly.PMID:34710832 | PMC:PMC8547775 | DOI:10.1016/j.jaut.2021.102742
Source: Journal of Autoimmunity - October 28, 2021 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Luigi Cari Mahdieh Naghavi Alhosseini Paolo Fiore Sabata Pierno Sabrina Pacor Alberta Bergamo Gianni Sava Giuseppe Nocentini Source Type: research

Recognizing Vaccine-Induced Immune Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia
CONCLUSIONS: Vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia is a serious complication of vaccination that is not feasible to anticipate or prevent. When the patient presents with sustained headache, neurologic symptoms/signs, abdominal pain, dyspnea, or limb pain/swelling beginning 5–30 days post vaccination, platelet count and d-dimer must be measured, and imaging for thrombosis performed. Confirmation of vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia diagnosis should be ordered (platelet factor 4/polyanion enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; platelet factor 4–enhanced platelet activation testing) as treatm...
Source: Critical Care Medicine - December 20, 2021 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Online Review Article Source Type: research

Neurological toll of COVID-19
AbstractThe first case of coronavirus illness was discovered in Wuhan, China, in January 2020 and quickly spread worldwide within the next couple of months. The condition was initially only linked with respiratory disorders. After the evolution of various variants of the SARS-CoV-2, the critical impact of the virus spread to multiple organs and soon, neurological disorder manifestations started to appear in the infected patients. The review is focused on the manifestation of various neurological disorders linked with both the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system. Disorders such as cytokine release syndrome,...
Source: Neurological Sciences - January 16, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Early-Onset Myasthenia Gravis Following COVID-19 Vaccination
J Korean Med Sci. 2022 Mar 14;37(10):e50. doi: 10.3346/jkms.2022.37.e50.ABSTRACTAs coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread worldwide, the rate of COVID-19 vaccination uptake is encouraging. Neurological complications associated with COVID-19 vaccines such as stroke, Guillain-Barré syndrome, and Bell's palsy have been reported. Recently, late-onset myasthenia gravis (MG) following COVID-19 vaccination has been reported. To date, however, there has been no evidence of increased risk of early-onset MG following COVID-19. Here, we report a case of a patient with new-onset MG that arose after receiving a COVID-19 vaccin...
Source: J Korean Med Sci - March 15, 2022 Category: General Medicine Authors: Myung Ah Lee Chonghwee Lee Jung Hyun Park Jung Hwan Lee Source Type: research

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