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How to create a nervous system aneurysm model in canines? ligation of the lingual artery is a simple and effective method
Conclusion: We have established a safe, effective, stable and simple method to establish a canine nervous system aneurysm model with controllable size. In addition, this method has the advantages of no arteriotomy, less trauma, constant anatomical location, and low risk of stroke.
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - May 5, 2023 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Impact of pressure recovery on the assessment of pulmonary homograft function using Doppler ultrasound
The presented results showed that the Doppler measurements overestimated the degree of homograft stenosis and thus the right ventricular load when the energy loss concept with pressure recovery (PR) in the pulmonary artery was neglected. Doppler measurements that ignore PR can misclassify the severity of homograft stenosis and may lead to premature surgery. AbstractRelevant pressure recovery (PR) has been shown to increase functional stenotic aortic valve orifice area and reduce left ventricular load. However, little is known about the relevance of PR in the pulmonary artery. The study examined the impact of PR using 2D-ec...
Source: Physiological Reports - December 13, 2022 Category: Physiology Authors: Jan ‐Christian Reil, Christoph Marquetand, Claudia Busch‐Tilge, Jule Rohde, Edda Bahlmann, Anas Aboud, Ingo Eitel, Stephan Ensminger, Efstratios I. Charitos, Gert‐Hinrich Reil, Ulrich Stierle Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Patient-Specific Modeling Could Predict Occurrence of Pediatric Stroke
Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a progressive steno-occlusive cerebrovascular disease leading to recurrent stroke. There is a lack of reliable biomarkers to identify unilateral stroke MMD patients who are likely to progress to bilateral disease and experience subsequent contralateral stroke(s). We hypothesized that local hemodynamics are predictive of future stroke and set out to noninvasively assess this stroke risk in pediatric MMD patients. MR and X-ray angiography imaging were utilized to reconstruct patient-specific models of the circle of Willis of six pediatric MMD patients who had previous strokes, along with a control s...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - February 28, 2022 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Closed-Loop Multiscale Computational Model of Human Blood Circulation. Applications to Ballistocardiography
Cardiac mechanical activity leads to periodic changes in the distribution of blood throughout the body, which causes micro-oscillations of the body’s center of mass and can be measured by ballistocardiography (BCG). However, many of the BCG findings are based on parameters whose origins are poorly understood. Here, we generate simulated multidimensional BCG signals based on a more exhaustive and accurate computational model of blood circulation than previous attempts. This model consists in a closed loop 0D-1D multiscale representation of the human blood circulation. The 0D elements include the cardiac chambers, cardiac ...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - December 9, 2021 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Utility of the oxygen pulse in the diagnosis of obstructive coronary artery disease in physically fit patients
Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) guidelines recommend analysis of the oxygen (O2) pulse for a late exercise plateau in evaluation for obstructive coronary artery disease (OCAD). The diagnostic performance of the O2 pulse for OCAD in physically fit individuals, in whom may be more likely to plateau, has not previously been evaluated. We found that a plateau in O2 pulse was not a useful predictor of OCAD in a physically fit population and may reflect a physiologic limitation of stroke volume and/or O2 extraction during exercise rather than a pathologic fall in stroke volume due to ischemia. AbstractCardiopulmonary exe...
Source: Physiological Reports - November 12, 2021 Category: Physiology Authors: Bradley J. Petek, Timothy W. Churchill, J. Sawalla Guseh, Garrett Loomer, Sarah K. Gustus, Gregory D. Lewis, Rory B. Weiner, Aaron L. Baggish, Meagan M. Wasfy Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Hemodynamic Responses in Carotid Bifurcation Induced by Enhanced External Counterpulsation Stimulation in Healthy Controls and Patients With Neurological Disorders
This study may play an important role in the translation of physiological benefits of EECP treatment in populations with or without neurological disorders.
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - August 31, 2021 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Association of Plasma Metabolic Biomarker Sphingosine-1-Phosphate With Cerebral Collateral Circulation in Acute Ischemic Stroke
Conclusion: We first illustrated the association between plasma metabolic profiles and cerebral collateral circulation in patients with AIS. Plasma S1P levels might be a potential diagnostic biomarker for predicting collateral circulation status in patients with AIS.
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - August 19, 2021 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

The Differentiation in Image Post-processing and 3D Reconstruction During Evaluation of Carotid Plaques From MR and CT Data Sources
Conclusion: In this study, two-dimensional images and three-dimensional models of carotid plaques obtained by two angiographic techniques were compared. The potential of these two imaging methods in clinical diagnosis and fluid dynamics of carotid plaque was evaluated, and the selectivity of image post-processing analysis to original medical image acquisition was revealed.
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 16, 2021 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Contrasting Measures of Cerebrovascular Reactivity Between MRI and Doppler: A Cross-Sectional Study of Younger and Older Healthy Individuals
Cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) is used as an outcome measure of brain health. Traditionally, lower CVR is associated with ageing, poor fitness and brain-related conditions (e.g. stroke, dementia). Indeed, CVR is suggested as a biomarker for disease risk. However, recent findings report conflicting associations between ageing or fitness and CVR measures. Inconsistent findings may relate to different neuroimaging modalities used, which include transcranial Doppler (TCD) and blood-oxygen-level-dependant (BOLD) contrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We assessed the relationship between CVR metrics derived from two common...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 12, 2021 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Cerebrovascular Reactivity Assays Collateral Function in Carotid Stenosis
In patients with carotid artery stenosis (CAS), the risk of stroke, its severity, and response to revascularization are strongly related to the availability of collateral blood flow. Unfortunately, there is poor agreement between observers in assessing collateral flow using flow-based imaging. We used changes in blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) MRI as a surrogate of changes in regional cerebral blood flow in response to a hypercapnic stimulus [i.e., cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR)] as indicating flow reserve ipsilateral to CAS. We hypothesized that some patients with hemodynamically significant CAS develop functional c...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - August 31, 2020 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Innovative Multiparametric Characterization of Carotid Plaque Vulnerability by Ultrasound
ConclusionUltrafast ultrasound imaging is an innovative, easily accessible technique that provides imaging modalities on top of the conventional B-mode. Ultrafast ultrasound biomarkers such as plaque stiffness heterogeneity, WSS and intraplaque micro-flows could help to define the vulnerability of the carotid plaque in order to stratify patients that could benefit most from endarterectomy or intensive medical therapy.
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - March 2, 2020 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Geometry of the Carotid Artery and Its Association With Pathologic Changes in a Chinese Population
ConclusionGeometry of the carotid artery and position relative to cervical spine might be associated with ECM and YAP protein expression, which could contribute to carotid artery stenosis.
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - January 20, 2020 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Multimodal Optical Diagnostics of the Microhaemodynamics in Upper and Lower Limbs
Conclusion The use of optical non-invasive diagnostic methods has a great potential for the detection of concomitant microcirculation disorders in patients with rheumatic diseases and diabetes. In this review, it was shown that the use of laser Doppler flowmetry, optical tissue oximetry and fluorescence spectroscopy together or separately may have important diagnostic value for the detection of violations, assessment of their severity, as well as for the analysis of the effectiveness of the therapy. The joint application of the considered technologies with the methods of machine learning (discriminant analysis) can be use...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 15, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

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