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Sex-disparities in risk factors and atherosclerosis cardiovascular disease in diabetic patients
Conclusion: Among diabetic people, compared to males, females had a higher comorbid burden but received less optimal treatment, which might partly explain their higher prevalence of composite ASCVD and CHD.PMID:33874831 | DOI:10.1080/00325481.2021.1917930
Source: Postgraduate Medicine - April 20, 2021 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Yue Sun Dong Yan Lijuan Cui Guiping Li Yan Sun Zirui Hao Source Type: research

Effects of continuous use of metformin on cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes after acute myocardial infarction: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis
Conclusions: This study expects to provide credible and scientific evidence for the efficacy and safety of metformin on cardiovascular outcomes after AMI in patients with T2DM. Registration number: 10.17605/OSF.IO/S3MBP.
Source: Medicine - April 16, 2021 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Research Article: Study Protocol Systematic Review Source Type: research

Comparative Effectiveness of Glucose-Lowering Drugs for Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis.
CONCLUSION: In diabetic patients at low cardiovascular risk, no treatment differs from placebo for vascular outcomes. In patients at increased cardiovascular risk receiving metformin-based background therapy, specific GLP-1 RAs and SGLT-2 inhibitors have a favorable effect on certain cardiovascular outcomes. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE: European Foundation for the Study of Diabetes, supported by an unrestricted educational grant from AstraZeneca. (PROSPERO: CRD42019122043). PMID: 32598218 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Annals of Internal Medicine - June 29, 2020 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Tsapas A, Avgerinos I, Karagiannis T, Malandris K, Manolopoulos A, Andreadis P, Liakos A, Matthews DR, Bekiari E Tags: Ann Intern Med Source Type: research

Antidiabetic drugs and stroke risk. Current evidence.
Abstract Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the major cause of morbidity and mortality for individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D). In particular, the risk for stroke is twice that of patients without diabetes, and diabetes may be responsible for >8% of first ischemic strokes. Therefore, the way to prevent stroke in these patients has become an important issue. Traditionally, glucose-lowering drugs had not been shown to protect against stroke. Moreover, several antidiabetic drugs (i.e., sulfonylureas, rosiglitazone) have been reported to be associated with increased risks of CVD and stroke. On the contrary, data on...
Source: European Journal of Internal Medicine - September 20, 2017 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Castilla-Guerra L, Fernandez-Moreno MDC, Leon-Jimenez D, Carmona-Nimo E Tags: Eur J Intern Med Source Type: research

Cardiovascular benefits and safety of non-insulin medications used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Authors: Yandrapalli S, Jolly G, Horblitt A, Sanaani A, Aronow WS Abstract Diabetes mellitus is a growing in exponential proportions. If the current growth trend continues, it may result in every third adult in the United States having diabetes mellitus by 2050, and every 10(th) adult worldwide. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) confers a 2- to 3-fold increased risk of cardiovascular (CV) events compared with non-diabetic patients, and CV mortality is responsible for around 80% mortality in this population. Patients with T2DM can have other features of insulin resistance-metabolic syndrome like hypertension, lipid ab...
Source: Postgraduate Medicine - July 29, 2017 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Postgrad Med Source Type: research

Existing evidence is insufficient to justify metformin or other agents as first-line therapy for type 2 diabetes
Commentary on: Palmer SC, Mavridis D, Nicolucci A, et al.. Comparison of clinical outcomes and adverse events associated with glucose-lowering drugs in patients with type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis. JAMA 2016;316:313–324 . Context A broad consensus supports the use of metformin as first-line therapy for patients with type 2 diabetes. Clinicians and patients, however, may be interested in using newer antihyperglycaemic drugs as first-line treatment, but their relative advantages to metformin—beyond burden of treatment and hypoglycaemic potential—remain uncertain. The systematic review by Palmer et al soug...
Source: Evidence-Based Medicine - November 22, 2016 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Rodriguez-Gutierrez, R., Montori, V. M. Tags: Epidemiologic studies, Drugs: cardiovascular system, Stroke, Ischaemic heart disease, Diabetes Therapeutics/Prevention Source Type: research

Impact of bromocriptine-QR therapy on cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes mellitus subjects on metformin.
CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that in T2DM subjects on metformin, BQR therapy may represent an effective strategy for reducing CVD risk. PMID: 27687032 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Postgraduate Medicine - October 2, 2016 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Postgrad Med Source Type: research

Association of Traditional Chinese Medicine Therapy and the Risk of Vascular Complications in Patients With Type II Diabetes Mellitus: A Nationwide, Retrospective, Taiwanese-Registry, Cohort Study
This study investigated whether the concurrent TCM treatment reduces the risk of vascular complications in T2DM patients by using a large population from National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD). We identified 33,457 adult patients with newly diagnosed T2DM using anti-diabetic agents from a random sample of one million beneficiaries in the NHIRD between January 1, 2000 and December 31, 2011. We recruited 1049 TCM users (received TCM over 30 days with a diagnosis of T2DM) and randomly selected 4092 controls as the non-TCM cohort at a ratio of 1:4 frequency-matched by age, sex, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and i...
Source: Medicine - January 1, 2016 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Research Article: Observational Study Source Type: research

Effects on Clinical Outcomes of Adding Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors Versus Sulfonylureas to Metformin Therapy in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
Conclusion: Compared with sulfonylureas, DPP-4 inhibitors were associated with lower risks for all-cause death, MACEs, ischemic stroke, and hypoglycemia when used as add-ons to metformin therapy. Primary Funding Source: None. PMID: 26457538 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Annals of Internal Medicine - October 13, 2015 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Ou SM, Shih CJ, Chao PW, Chu H, Kuo SC, Lee YJ, Wang SJ, Yang CY, Lin CC, Chen TJ, Tarng DC, Li SY, Chen YT Tags: Ann Intern Med Source Type: research

Metformin associated with better cardiovascular outcomes than other glycaemic therapies
Context A question exists as to whether the outcome of glycaemic treatment of diabetes varies with the agent used; speculation surrounds whether metformin might be preferable to other treatments. Methods Ghotbi and colleagues performed an epidemiological analysis of 8192 obese patients with diabetes at increased cardiovascular risk participating in the Sibutramine Cardiovascular OUTcomes (SCOUT) trial. Mortality and a combined cardiovascular outcome of non-fatal myocardial infarction, non-fatal stroke, resuscitation after cardiac arrest or cardiovascular death were compared among those receiving one of the following interv...
Source: Evidence-Based Medicine - May 19, 2014 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Bloomgarden, Z. T. Tags: Smoking and tobacco, Epidemiologic studies, Drugs: cardiovascular system, Heart failure, Stroke, Hypertension, Diet, Obesity (nutrition), Ischaemic heart disease, Diabetes, Health education, Smoking Therapeutics Source Type: research

Prognostic implications of DPP‐4 inhibitor vs. sulfonylurea use on top of metformin in a real world setting – results of the 1 year follow‐up of the prospective DiaRegis registry
ConclusionsThe present results confirm prior randomised controlled trial results in patients with type 2 diabetes from real world clinical practice demonstrating that DPP4‐I on top of prior metformin monotherapy result in similar HbA1c reductions within 12 months but a significant reduction in hypoglycaemia compared with sulfonylurea added to metformin. The reduction in vascular events observed has to be verified in larger cohorts.
Source: International Journal of Clinical Practice - August 28, 2013 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: A. K. Gitt, P. Bramlage, C. Binz, M. Krekler, E. Deeg, D. Tschöpe Tags: Original Paper Source Type: research

Metformin may not reduce cardiovascular risk or all-cause mortality
Commentary on: Boussageon R, Supper I, Bejan-Angoulvant T, et al.. Reappraisal of metformin efficacy in the treatment of Type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. PLoS Med 2012;9:268–82. Context The treatment of hyperglycaemia is considered as one of the tools for preventing cardiovascular disease in Type 1 and Type 2 diabetic (T2D) patients.1 2 Metformin is recommended as the first-line drug for T2D by most international guidelines (IDF.2005. http://www.idf.org, 2007. http://www.aace.com, http://www.diabetesjournals.org, http://www.nice.org.uk/CG66). The preference for metformin over other av...
Source: Evidence-Based Medicine - March 19, 2013 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Monami, M. Tags: Geriatric medicine, Clinical trials (epidemiology), Epidemiologic studies, Drugs: cardiovascular system, Stroke, Hypertension, Diet, Ischaemic heart disease, Diabetes Online articles Source Type: research

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