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Cost Effectiveness of Strategies to Manage Atrial Fibrillation in Middle- and High-Income Countries: A Systematic Review
ConclusionThis systematic review has shown that there are several cost-effective strategies to manage AF in different resource settings. However, the decision to use any strategy should be guided by objective clinical and economic evidence supported by sound clinical judgement.RegistrationCRD42022360590.
Source: PharmacoEconomics - May 19, 2023 Category: Health Management Source Type: research

Projecting the Health and Economic Burden of Cardiovascular Disease Among People with Type 2 Diabetes, 2022 –2031
ConclusionsCVD in people with type 2 diabetes will substantially impact the Australian healthcare system and society over the next decade. Future work to investigate different strategies to optimize the control of risk factors for the prevention and treatment of CVD in type 2 diabetes in Australia is warranted.
Source: PharmacoEconomics - March 21, 2023 Category: Health Management Source Type: research

Prediction Models for Individual-Level Healthcare Costs Associated with Cardiovascular Events in the UK
ConclusionsThese individual-level healthcare cost prediction models could inform assessments of the value of health technologies and policies to reduce cardiovascular and other disease risks and healthcare costs. An accompanying Excel calculator is available to facilitate the use of the models.
Source: PharmacoEconomics - February 23, 2023 Category: Health Management Source Type: research

Cost Effectiveness of the First ‐in‐Class ARNI (Sacubitril/Valsartan) for the Treatment of Essential Hypertension in a Chinese Setting
ConclusionsThis was the first study to evaluate the cost effectiveness of sacubitril/valsartan in the treatment of hypertension. Sacubitril/valsartan compares favorably with allisartan isoproxil and valsartan in the Chinese setting, which is mainly due to its higher efficacy resulting in fewer cardiovascular events and ultimately less related mortality over time. The results could inform deliberations regarding reimbursement and access to this treatment in China and may provide reference for facilitating more reasonable and efficient allocation of limited resources in such low- and middle-income countries.
Source: PharmacoEconomics - September 8, 2022 Category: Health Management Source Type: research

Is EQ-5D-5L Better Than EQ-5D-3L Over Time? A Head-to-Head Comparison of Responsiveness of Descriptive Systems and Value Sets from Nine Countries
ConclusionsDescriptive results were the main driver of 3L –5L responsiveness differences. Responsiveness of 3L was influenced by the ‘confined to bed’ label and the overestimation bias of 3L, which affected all responsiveness results. This may impact quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) estimations, leading to over- or underestimations of QALYs gained, depending on the condition and condition severity. QALY calculations based on 5L data will result in more accurate estimates.
Source: PharmacoEconomics - August 5, 2022 Category: Health Management Source Type: research

Macrovascular Risk Equations Based on the CANVAS Program
ConclusionThese risk equations address some of the limitations of widely used risk equations, such as the UKPDS-OM2, for modeling cardioprotective treatments for individuals with T2DM and high cardiovascular risk, including derivation from overly healthy patients treated with agents that lack cardioprotection and have been described as reflecting a different therapeutic era. Future work is needed to examine external validity.
Source: PharmacoEconomics - February 13, 2021 Category: Health Management Source Type: research

Updating the Cost Effectiveness of Oral Anticoagulants for Patients with Atrial Fibrillation Based on Varying Stroke and Bleed Risk Profiles
ConclusionsFrom a US private payer ’s perspective, dabigatran appears cost effective compared with other anticoagulants. This study indicated risk stratification especially considering both stroke and bleed risk simultaneously is important not only in clinical practice but also in health technology assessment exercises among patien ts with atrial fibrillation.
Source: PharmacoEconomics - September 13, 2020 Category: Health Management Source Type: research

Performance of the UKPDS Outcomes Model  2 for Predicting Death and Cardiovascular Events in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus from a German Population-Based Cohort
ConclusionsThe study results demonstrate acceptable calibration and poor discrimination of the UKPDS-OM2 for predicting death and CV events in this population-based German sample. Those limitations should be considered when using the UKPDS-OM2 for economic evaluations of healthcare strategies or using the risk equations for clinical decision-making.
Source: PharmacoEconomics - July 26, 2019 Category: Health Management Source Type: research

Is Reclassification of the Oral Contraceptive Pill from Prescription to Pharmacist-Only Cost Effective? Application of an Economic Evaluation Approach to Regulatory Decisions
ConclusionReclassifying OCPs is likely to be considered cost effective by Australian decision makers.
Source: PharmacoEconomics - May 8, 2019 Category: Health Management Source Type: research

A Systematic Review of Direct Cardiovascular Event Costs: An International Perspective
ConclusionsThere was considerable unexplained variation in contemporary costs for all major cardiovascular events. One emerging theme was that average costs in the USA were considerably higher than anywhere else.
Source: PharmacoEconomics - April 3, 2019 Category: Health Management Source Type: research

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