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Source: PLoS One
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Total 274 results found since Jan 2013.
Mortality risk after the first occurrence of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures in the general population: A nationwide cohort study
This study aimed to evaluate mortality risk after the first occurrence of OVCF in the general population using a nationwide dataset from the Korean National Health Insurance System. We identified 291,203 newly diagnosed patients with OVCF and 873,609 patients without OVCF at a ratio of 1:3 matched by sex and age between 2010 and 2012. We investigated the latent characteristics of patients’ demographic information and chronic comorbidities that could affect mortality when diagnosed with OVCF. By comparing the cohort data, the hazar d ratio for subsequent mortality in patients with OVCF was calculated and adjusted based on...
Source: PLoS One - September 14, 2023 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Hee Jung Son Source Type: research
Modeling the public health impact of voxelotor in the management of sickle cell disease in France
The objective of this study was to estimate the impact of voxelotor on the burden of SCD in France using a modeling approach, accounting for its anticipated adoption and diffusion over the next 5 years. We designed a sequential multi-cohort model to project and compare the cumulative incidence of SCD complications over a 20-year time horizon in a world with and without voxelotor. A distribution of patients was simulated across various levels of Hb response based on the phase 3 HO PE trial results, and relative risk reduction was adjusted using published meta-analysis results that projected risk reduction due to a 1 g/dL in...
Source: PLoS One - September 13, 2023 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Fr édéric Galacteros Source Type: research
Are digital social media campaigns the key to raise stroke awareness in low-and middle-income countries? A study of feasibility and cost-effectiveness in Nepal
This study aims to (a) explore the feasibility of a social media-based stroke awareness campaign in Nepal using a cost-benefit analysis and (b) identify best practices for social media health education campaigns. MethodsWe performed a stroke awareness campaign over a period of 6 months as part of a Stroke Project in Nepal on four social media platforms (Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, TikTok) with organic traffic and paid advertisements. Adapted material based on the World Stroke Day Campaign and specifically created videos for TikTok were used. Performance of the campaign was analyzed with established quantitative social me...
Source: PLoS One - September 8, 2023 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Christine Tunkl Source Type: research
Factors contributing to poor COVID-19 outcomes in diabetic patients: Findings from a single-center cohort study
This article is a retrospective cohort study that include diabetic patients hospitalized with COVID-19 infection. A definition of diabetes was based on th e past history of diabetes or if the HbA1c was 6.5% or higher. Demographics, clinical characteristics, comorbidities, laboratory results, and complications were extracted from the electronic medical records. The mortality rate increased with increasing age (from 5.56% in younger patients to 46% in t he elderly) and with severity (from 25.71% in moderate cases to 43.77% in critical cases). We found that a critical severity on admission (OR: 5.26, 95% CI: 1.28–21.66,p = ...
Source: PLoS One - August 31, 2023 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Nosayba Al-Azzam Source Type: research
Clinical characteristics and predictors for in-hospital mortality in adult COVID-19 patients: A retrospective single center cohort study in Vilnius, Lithuania
ConclusionsAge, congestive heart failure, obesity, COPD, prior stroke, and increased concentration of urea, LDH, CRP, IL-6, troponin I, ALT to AST ratio were identified to be the predictors for in-hospital mortality of COVID-19 patients.
Source: PLoS One - August 25, 2023 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Ieva Kubiliute Source Type: research
Cognition and education benefits of increased hemoglobin and blood oxygenation in children with sickle cell disease
by Joanna P. MacEwan, Allison A. King, Andy Nguyen, Anuj Mubayi, Irene Agodoa, Kim Smith-Whitley
BackgroundAmong individuals with sickle cell disease (SCD), decreased hemoglobin is associated with lower oxygen saturation (SpO2) and increased risk of stroke, both of which are associated with lower intelligence quotient (IQ) scores. Thus, increasing hemoglobin and SpO2 in individuals with SCD may increase IQ and educational attainment. MethodsA cohort simulation model was built to determine academic performance and educational attainment based on cognitive function (measured by IQ) of a pediatric SCD cohort randomly assigned...
Source: PLoS One - August 8, 2023 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Joanna P. MacEwan Source Type: research
Safety outcomes of ticagrelor among patients with STE-ACS post streptokinase therapy-a retrospective observational study
Conclusion: In real practice, ticagrelor swi tching among patients with STE-ACS post streptokinase therapy did not differ regarding safety outcomes and composite of efficacy outcomes compared with clopidogrel.
Source: PLoS One - August 4, 2023 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Phornpaka Ueapornpanith Source Type: research
Rates and reasons for hospital readmission after acute ischemic stroke in a US population-based cohort
We examined readmissions rates, diagnoses at readmission, and risk factors associated with readmission following acute ischemic stroke (AIS) in a large United States (US) administrative database. Using the 201 9 Nationwide Readmissions Database, we identified adults discharged with AIS (ICD-10-CM I63*) as the principal diagnosis. Survival analysis with Weibull accelerated failure time regression was used to examine variables associated with hospital readmission. In 2019, 273,811 of 285,451 AIS patients su rvived their initial hospitalization. Of these, 60,831 (22.2%) were readmitted within 2019. Based on Kaplan Meyer analy...
Source: PLoS One - August 3, 2023 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Lily W. Zhou Source Type: research
A scoping review protocol on diagnostic strategies to detect occult malignancies in individuals with ischemic stroke
ConclusionWe anticipate that the findings of this scoping review will identify strategies used to detect occult cancer in individuals with ischemic stroke and summarize their clinical utility (if reported). Addressing this knowledge gap will help guide the development of future clinical trials on occult cancer screening patients with ischemic stroke.
Source: PLoS One - July 21, 2023 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Jenneke Leentjens Source Type: research
Systemic immune-inflammation index as a predictor of prognosis after carotid artery stenting compared with C-reactive protein
This study was a single-center retrospective investigation. Overall, 129 patients who underwent CAS were categorized into tertiles based on their SII levels. We primarily investigated the long-term major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) and secondarily the in-hospital and long-term stroke incidence, as well as all-cause death. ResultsThe in-hospital stroke rate tended to increase with a rise in SII (P = 0.13). Over the 5-year follow-up period, the Kaplan –Meier overall incidence of MACCE was 9.3%, 16.3%, and 39.5% in the lowest to highest tertiles, respectively (log-rank trend test,P647) was a predictor...
Source: PLoS One - July 13, 2023 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Shuji Morikawa Source Type: research
Trends in the incidence and prevalence of dysphagia requiring medical attention among adults in South Korea, 2006 –2016: A nationwide population study
by SuYeon Kwon, Seungwoo Cha, Junsik Kim, Kyungdo Han, Nam-Jong Paik, Won-Seok Kim
The prevalence of dysphagia is increasing, resulting in socioeconomic burden, but previous reports have only been based on a limited populations. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the nationwide incidence and prevalence of dysphagia requiring medical attention to provide adequate information for healthcare planning and resource allocation. In this nationwide retrospective cohort study, the data of adults aged ≥20 years recorded from 2006 to 2016 were sourced from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database. Medical claim codes ...
Source: PLoS One - June 28, 2023 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: SuYeon Kwon Source Type: research
Prevalence and factors associated with undiagnosed and uncontrolled heart disease: A study based on self-reported chronic heart disease and symptom-based angina pectoris among middle-aged and older Indian adults
ConclusionsThe present study provided a comparative prevalence of heart disease and agina and their associations with chronic diseases among middle-aged and older adults in India. The higher prevalence of undiagnosed and uncontrolled heart disease and their risk factors among middle-aged and older Indians manisfest alarming public health concerns and future health demand.
Source: PLoS One - June 28, 2023 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Waquar Ahmed Source Type: research
Machine learning in predicting outcomes for stroke patients following rehabilitation treatment: A systematic review
Discussion and conclusionThere remains much room for improvement in future modeling studies, such as high-quality data sources and model analysis. Reliable predictive models should be developed to improve the efficacy of rehabilitation treatment by clinicians.
Source: PLoS One - June 28, 2023 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Wanting Zu Source Type: research
Cerebral blood flow autoregulation assessment by correlation analysis between mean arterial blood pressure and transcranial doppler sonography or near infrared spectroscopy is different: A pilot study
ConclusionMx and ORx represent impaired cerebral autoregulation, but in Mx this may not be distinguished sufficiently from baseline. LBPP and hypoxia are insufficient to reach the upper limit of cerebral autoregulation as indicated by Mx and ORx.
Source: PLoS One - June 22, 2023 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Marcus Thudium Source Type: research
Improvement of predictive accuracies of functional outcomes after subacute stroke inpatient rehabilitation by machine learning models
ConclusionsThis study suggested that the machine learning models outperformed SLR for predicting FIM prognosis. The machine learning models used only patients ’ background characteristics and FIM scores at admission and more accurately predicted FIM gain than previous studies. ANN, SVR, and GPR outperformed RT and EL. GPR could have the best predictive accuracy for FIM prognosis.
Source: PLoS One - May 26, 2023 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Yuta Miyazaki Source Type: research
