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Source: Behavioural Brain Research

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Total 143 results found since Jan 2013.

Prefrontal Cortex Stroke Induces Delayed Impairment in Spatial Memory.
Abstract Stroke is the leading cause of long-term disability. Little is known about the effects of stroke on cognitive deficits. The subtle nature of cognition and its respective domains in areas such as working memory and attention can make this difficult to diagnose and treat. We aimed to establish a model of focal ischemia that targets the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and induce memory impairments. Stroke and sham mice were assessed at one and four-weeks post-stroke on various tests: open-field task to assess activity; grid-walk and cylinder task to assess motor impairments; elevated plus maze to assess anxiety; nov...
Source: Behavioural Brain Research - August 22, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Zhou LY, Wright TE, Clarkson AN Tags: Behav Brain Res Source Type: research

Alterations in anxiety and social behaviour in Npas4 deficient mice following photochemically-induced focal cortical stroke.
In this study we investigated the role of Npas4 in modulating these stroke-induced neuropsychiatric responses by comparing the performance of wildtype and Npas4(-/-) mice in various cognitive and behavioural tasks in a photochemical model of focal cortical stroke. We show that this stroke model results in impaired spatial recognition memory and a reduction in despair-like behaviour that affect both genotypes to a similar degree. Moreover, mice lacking Npas4 also show differences in some aspects of post-stroke sociability and anxiety. Specifically, we show that while stroke had no effect on anxiety levels in wildtype mice, ...
Source: Behavioural Brain Research - August 25, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Klarić TS, Jaehne EJ, Koblar SA, Baune BT, Lewis MD Tags: Behav Brain Res Source Type: research

Pair Housing Reverses Post-Stroke Depressive Behaviour in Mice.
Abstract Social isolation (SI) has been linked epidemiologically to high rates of morbidity and mortality following stroke. In contrast, strong social support enhances recovery and lowers stroke recurrence. However, the mechanism by which social support influences stroke recovery has not been adequately explored. The goal of this study was to examine the effect of post-stroke pair housing and SI on behavioural phenotypes and chronic functional recovery in mice. Young male mice were paired for 14 days before a 60minute transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) or sham surgery and assigned to various housing...
Source: Behavioural Brain Research - May 1, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Verma R, Friedler BD, Harris NM, McCullough LD Tags: Behav Brain Res Source Type: research

Subcutaneous daidzein administration enhances recovery of skilled ladder rung walking performance following stroke in rats.
Abstract Stroke is a devastating event which can result in permanent disability. Due to the lack of treatments available for use after stroke, compounds which work to limit cell loss, reduce behavioral deficits, and enhance recovery of function are needed. The isoflavone daidzein has been demonstrated to be neuroprotective when fed to rats beginning prior to stroke. Herein, we tested whether subcutaneous delivery of daidzein beginning at the time of stroke reduced injury and/or enhanced functional recovery over 14 days after stroke. Baseline performance on the skilled ladder rung walking task was recorded immediat...
Source: Behavioural Brain Research - August 27, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Stout JM, Knapp AN, Banz WJ, Wallace DG, Cheatwood JL Tags: Behav Brain Res Source Type: research

Social isolation after stroke leads to depressive-like behavior and decreased BDNF levels in mice.
In this study, we investigated both the sub-acute (2 weeks) and chronic (7 weeks) effects of social isolation on post-stroke functional and histological outcome. Worsened histological damage from ischemic injury and an increase in depressive-like behavior was observed in isolated mice as compared to pair-housed mice. Mice isolated immediately after stroke showed a decrease in the levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). These changes, both histological and behavioral, suggest an overall negative effect of social isolation on stroke outcome, potentially contributing to post-stroke depression and anxiety. Therefor...
Source: Behavioural Brain Research - November 5, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: O'Keefe LM, Doran SJ, Mwilambwe-Tshilobo L, Conti LH, Venna VR, McCullough LD Tags: Behav Brain Res Source Type: research

Ultrasonic Vocalization Changes and FOXP2 expression after Experimental Stroke.
This study demonstrates that quantifiable deficits in ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) are seen after stroke. USV may be a useful tool to assess chronic behavioral recovery in murine models of stroke. PMID: 25644653 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Behavioural Brain Research - January 30, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Doran SJ, Trammel C, Benashaski SE, Venna VR, McCullough LD Tags: Behav Brain Res Source Type: research

Progesterone improves long-term functional and histological outcomes after permanent stroke in older rats.
Abstract Previous studies have shown progesterone to be beneficial in animal models of central nervous system injury, but less is known about its longer-term sustained effects on recovery of function following stroke. We evaluated progesterone's effects on a panel of behavioral tests up to 8 weeks after permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO). Male Sprague-Dawley rats 12m.o. were subjected to pMCAO and, beginning 3h post-pMCAO, given intraperitoneal injections of progesterone (8mg/kg) or vehicle, followed by subcutaneous injections at 8h and then every 24h for 7 days, with tapering of the last 2 treatme...
Source: Behavioural Brain Research - February 24, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Wali B, Ishrat T, Stein DG, Sayeed I Tags: Behav Brain Res Source Type: research

Post-stroke protection from maladaptive effects of learning with the non-paretic forelimb by bimanual home cage experience in C57BL/6 mice.
Abstract Behavioral experience, in the form of skilled limb use, has been found to impact the structure and function of the central nervous system, affecting post-stroke behavioral outcome in both adaptive and maladaptive ways. Learning to rely on the less-affected, or non-paretic, body side is common following stroke in both humans and rodent models. In rats, it has been observed that skilled learning with the non-paretic forelimb following ischemic insult leads to impaired or delayed functional recovery of the paretic limb. Here we used a mouse model of focal motor cortical ischemic injury to examine the effects...
Source: Behavioural Brain Research - June 8, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Kerr AL, Wolke ML, Bell JA, Jones TA Tags: Behav Brain Res Source Type: research

Astrocyte morphology after ischemic and hemorrhagic experimental stroke has no influence on the different recovery patterns.
Abstract Stroke, broadly subdivided into ischemic and hemorrhagic subtypes, is a serious health-care problem worldwide. Previous studies have suggested ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke could present different functional recovery patterns. However, little attention has been given to this neurobiological finding. Coincidently, astrocyte morphology could be related to improved sensorimotor recovery after skilled reaching training and modulated by physical exercise and environmental enrichment. Therefore, it is possible that astrocyte morphology might be linked to differential recovery patterns between ischemic and hem...
Source: Behavioural Brain Research - October 11, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Mestriner RG, Saur L, Bagatini PB, Baptista PP, Vaz SP, Ferreira K, Machado SA, Xavier LL, Netto CA Tags: Behav Brain Res Source Type: research

Compensatory Motor Network Connectivity is Associated with Motor Sequence Learning after Subcortical Stroke.
Abstract Following stroke, functional networks reorganize and the brain demonstrates widespread alterations in cortical activity. Implicit motor learning is preserved after stroke. However the manner in which brain reorganization occurs, and how it supports behaviour within the damaged brain remains unclear. In this functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study, we evaluated whole brain patterns of functional connectivity during the performance of an implicit tracking task at baseline and retention, following 5 days of practice. Following motor practice, a significant difference in connectivity within a motor...
Source: Behavioural Brain Research - March 7, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Wadden KP, Woodward TS, Metzak PD, Lavigne KM, Lakhani B, Auriat AM, Boyd LA Tags: Behav Brain Res Source Type: research

Assessing cognitive function following medial prefrontal stroke in the rat.
Abstract Cognitive impairments are prevalent following clinical stroke; however, preclinical research has focused almost exclusively on motor deficits. In order to conduct systematic evaluations into the nature of post-stroke cognitive dysfunction and recovery, it is crucial to develop focal stroke models that predominantly affect cognition while leaving motor function intact. Herein, we evaluated a range of cognitive functions 1-4 months following focal medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) stroke using a battery of tests. Male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent focal ischemia induced in the mPFC using bilateral intracerebr...
Source: Behavioural Brain Research - August 5, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Livingston-Thomas JM, Jeffers MS, Nguemeni C, Shoichet MS, Morshead CM, Corbett D Tags: Behav Brain Res Source Type: research

Factors Affecting Post-stroke Motor Recovery: Implications on Neurotherapy after Brain Injury.
Abstract Neurological disorders are a major cause of chronic disability globally among which stroke is a leading cause of chronic disability. The advances in the medical management of stroke patients over the past decade have significantly reduced mortality, but at the same time increased numbers of disabled survivors. Unfortunately, this reduction in mortality was not paralleled by satisfactory therapeutics and rehabilitation strategies that can improve functional recovery of patients. Motor recovery after brain injury is a complex, dynamic, and multifactorial process in which an interplay among genetic, pathophy...
Source: Behavioural Brain Research - August 12, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Alawieh A, Zhao J, Feng W Tags: Behav Brain Res Source Type: research

Long-term deficits of the paretic limb follow post-stroke compensatory limb use in C57BL/6 mice.
Abstract Stroke is a leading cause of long-term disability that most often results in impairment of a single limb, contralateral to the injury (paretic limb). While stroke survivors often receive some type of rehabilitative training, chronic deficits persist. It has been suggested that compensatory use of the nonparetic limb immediately after injury may underlie these long-term consequences. The current study investigated the behavioral effects of early compensatory limb use on behavioral outcome of the paretic limb in a mouse model of stroke. Mice received unilateral stroke after acquiring skilled motor performan...
Source: Behavioural Brain Research - January 25, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Kerr AL, Cheffer KA, Curtis MC, Rodriguez A Tags: Behav Brain Res Source Type: research

Behavioral outcome measures to improve experimental stroke research.
Abstract Functional recovery after an experimental stroke can be assessed by multiple behavioral tests, however, there is no consensus about which test to use in long-term stroke recovery studies or whether the tests are affected by stroke surgery, post-operative care or behavioral compensation due to repeated testing. This review describes the tests most commonly used to assess motor and sensorimotor function, cognition and mood in stroke animals. Although it is difficult to predict the direction of future research, it may be possible to prevent false-positive results by selecting an appropriate task or a battery...
Source: Behavioural Brain Research - July 28, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Balkaya MG, Trueman RC, Boltze J, Corbett D, Jolkkonen J Tags: Behav Brain Res Source Type: research

Assessment of behavioural deficits following ischaemic stroke in the marmoset.
Abstract Stroke is a common and devastating disease worldwide. Over the last two decades, many therapeutic approaches to ameliorate ischaemic stroke have been promising in animal studies but failed when transferred to the clinical situation. One of the possible explanations for these failures is the widespread use of animal models of cerebral ischemia that do not mimic the pathology encountered in the clinic. Accordingly, many expert committees recommended the integration of higher order species such as non-human primates in pre-clinical stroke studies. The common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus), a small New World m...
Source: Behavioural Brain Research - July 28, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Le Gal R, Bernaudin M, Toutain J, Touzani O Tags: Behav Brain Res Source Type: research