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No pain, no gain: Lack of exercise obstructs neurogenesis.
In this study, we discussed how immobilization-induced disuse atrophy, using the hindlimb suspension model, affects neurogenesis in rats. The overarching hypothesis is that immobilization suppresses neurogenesis by reducing the circulating growth or trophic factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor or brain-derived neurotrophic factor. That immobilization alters neurogenesis and stem cell differentiation in the CNS requires characterization of the stem cell microenvironment by examining the trophic and growth factors, as well as stressrelated proteins that have been implicated in exercise-induced neurogenesis. Al...
Source: Cell Transplantation - March 24, 2015 Category: Cytology Authors: Watson N, Ji X, Yasuhara T, Date I, Kaneko Y, Tajiri N, Borlongan CV Tags: Cell Transplant Source Type: research

Smoothing the crescent curve: sickle cell disease.
Authors: Talano JA, Cairo MS Abstract Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an inherited disorder secondary to a point mutation at the sixth position of the beta chain of human hemoglobin that results in the replacement of valine for glutamic acid. This recessive genetic abnormality precipitates the polymerization of the deoxygenated form of hemoglobin S that induces a major distortion of red blood cells (sickle red blood cells), which decreases sickle red blood cell deformability, leading to chronic hemolysis and vasoocclusion. These processes can result in severe complications, including chronic pain, end organ dysfunctio...
Source: Hematology ASH Education Program - February 20, 2015 Category: Hematology Tags: Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program Source Type: research

Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Sickle Cell Disease: State of the Science
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: European Journal of Haematology - September 1, 2014 Category: Hematology Authors: Julie‐An Talano, Mitchell S. Cairo Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Stress 'causes damage to the heart,' study finds
Conclusion This research investigates the widely held perceived wisdom that psychological stress is associated with coronary heart disease. It found 29 medical residents working in a stressful intensive care unit setting had increased levels of white blood cells, which form part of the immune system. The researchers also found exposing mice to chronic stress similarly increased their levels of certain white blood cells. When they examined the bone marrow of stressed mice, they found this increase in the number of white blood cells seemed to be mediated by an increase in the activity of hematopoietic stem cells, which prod...
Source: NHS News Feed - June 23, 2014 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Heart/lungs Lifestyle/exercise Mental health Source Type: news

Can pain be 'switched off'?
Conclusion This study adds to the scientific knowledge about which genes play a role in pain response. The study shows an association between a low pain threshold and reduced gene expression in nine locations on the DNA. This means that researchers have found changes not only in genes already known to be involved in pain response, but in other genes as well. As the study was conducted in identical twins, the researchers have also been able to identify that the gene responses started off the same but have become different for some reason. The study shows that there is an association, but it does not provide information abo...
Source: NHS News Feed - February 5, 2014 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Genetics/stem cells Medical practice Source Type: news

New heart op could save 'thousands of lives'
Conclusion This was a well-designed study which showed that over the course of two years, the risk of another non-fatal or fatal heart attack is reduced in heart attack patients who have preventive stents inserted in narrowed arteries at the same time as a procedure to insert stents into the blocked coronary artery that caused their heart attack. However, an important point to note is that the study results do not apply to all patients who have had a heart attack. The study only looked at the group of patients who had a specific type of heart attack – a STEMI – and needed an emergency stent placement operation. ...
Source: NHS News Feed - September 3, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Heart/lungs Genetics/stem cells Source Type: news

Medical management of critical limb ischaemia: where do we stand today?
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: Journal of Internal Medicine - June 26, 2013 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Matthew A. Lambert, Jill J. F. Belch Tags: Review Source Type: research

Inflammatory hypertrophic cauda equina syndrome following intrathecal neural stem cell injection
Conclusions: Safety of intrathecal stem cell treatments is not routinely regulated in commercial overseas stem cell facilities. We wish to bring this potential complication to the attention of health care providers. Muscle Nerve, 2013
Source: Muscle and Nerve - June 26, 2013 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Richard W. Hurst, E. Peter Bosch, Jonathan M. Morris, P. James B. Dyck, Ronald K. Reeves Tags: Case of the Month Source Type: research

Inflammatory hypertrophic cauda equina following intrathecal neural stem cell injection
We describe a woman who presented with progressive bilateral leg pain, numbness, and gait difficulties. A prior stroke, macular degeneration, osteoarthritis, and depression, led her to receive intrathecal neural stem cell therapy overseas 1 year prior to onset of symptoms. Imaging showed marked enlargement of lumbosacral roots of the cauda equina, which was not seen prior to stem cell treatment. Electrodiagnostic studies confirmed chronic multiple lumbosacral radiculopathies. Biopsy of a lumbar dorsal sensory root showed myelinated fiber degeneration and loss, with endoneurial inflammation. The hypertrophic inflammatory ca...
Source: Muscle and Nerve - June 1, 2013 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Richard W. Hurst, Jonathan M. Morris, P James B Dyck, E. Peter Bosch, Ronald K. Reeves Tags: Case of the Month Source Type: research

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