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Can ‘toxic’ bilirubin treat a variety of illnesses?
Generations of medical and biology students have been instilled with a dim view of bilirubin. Spawned when the body trashes old red blood cells, the molecule is harmful refuse and a sign of illness. High blood levels cause jaundice, which turns the eyes and skin yellow and can signal liver trouble. Newborns can’t process the compound, and although high levels normally subside, a persistent surplus can cause brain damage. Yet later this year up to 40 healthy Australian volunteers may begin receiving infusions of the supposedly good-for-nothing molecule. They will be participating in a phase 1 safety trial, sponsored ...
Source: ScienceNOW - June 8, 2023 Category: Science Source Type: news

Attenuation of Myeloid Specific TGF β Signaling Induces Inflammatory Cerebrovascular Disease and Stroke.
Conclusions: Our studies show that TGFβ signaling in myeloid cells is required for maintenance of vascular health, and provide insight into inflammation-mediated cerebrovascular disease and stroke. PMID: 29051340 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Circulation Research - October 19, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Hollander MC, Latour LL, Yang D, Ishii H, Xiao Z, Min Y, Ray-Choudhury A, Munasinghe J, Merchant AS, Lin PC, Hallenbeck J, Boehm M, Yang L Tags: Circ Res Source Type: research

Macrophage-Specific Expression of IL-37 in Hyperlipidemic Mice Attenuates Atherosclerosis.
This study was undertaken to elucidate the role of macrophage-expressed IL-37 in reducing the production and effects of proinflammatory cytokines, preventing foam cell formation, and reducing the development of atherosclerosis. Expression of human IL-37 was achieved with a macrophage-specific overexpression system, using the CD68 promoter in mouse primary bone marrow-derived macrophages via retroviral transduction. Macrophage IL-37 expression in vitro resulted in decreased mRNA (e.g., IL-1B, IL-6, and IL-12) and secreted protein production (e.g., IL-6, M-CSF, and ICAM-1) of key inflammatory mediators. IL-37 expression also...
Source: Journal of Immunology - October 13, 2017 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: McCurdy S, Baumer Y, Toulmin E, Lee BH, Boisvert WA Tags: J Immunol Source Type: research