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Neurophysiological Analysis of Intermanual Transfer in Motor Learning
In this study, MEPs were induced during the subject’s imaged kinesthetic MI. This involves recalling muscle contraction based on a muscle sensory image and was reported to indicate the activity of brain regions similar to those involved in actual muscle contraction (Ruby and Decety, 2001). In the transfer training group, the muscle sensory image evaluation correlated to the actual task execution with the right hand. As a result, it was easy to recall the kinesthetic MI for the training task, thus affecting MI of the non-trained limbs so that MEP changes occurred in the left hand’s MI. In addition, brain exc...
Source: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience - April 17, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Use in Warfighting: Benefits, Risks, and Future Prospects
Conclusion The aim of this paper was to examine whether military tDCS use can be efficacious and ethical in military settings. Our assessment is that tDCS offers a number of cognitive, motor, and perceptual enhancement opportunities which could provide value in military situations like training and operations. There is potential scope for use in a number of key areas that directly affect practical battlefield advantage and survivability, such as deceptive capabilities, risk-taking, threat detection, perception, and physiological improvement. Additionally, tDCS has the potential to improve command and control decision maki...
Source: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience - April 17, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Interleukin-33 Protects Ischemic Brain Injury by Regulating Specific Microglial Activities
Publication date: 10 August 2018Source: Neuroscience, Volume 385Author(s): Qianping Luo, Yong Fan, Lili Lin, Jingjing Wei, Zuanfang Li, Yongkun Li, Susumu Nakae, Wei Lin, Qi ChenAbstractInterleukin-33 (IL-33), a novel member of the IL-1 family, expressed in many tissue and cell types, is involved in inflammation and immune functions. Previous studies suggest that IL-33 may play a role in ischemic stroke. Here, we evaluated the effect of IL-33 in cerebral ischemia–reperfusion-induced injury and investigated its underlying mechanism. Our data indicated that IL-33 deficiency exacerbated the neurological dysfunction caused b...
Source: Neuroscience - July 10, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research