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Total 94 results found since Jan 2013.

Cardiometabolic effects of genetic upregulation of the interleukin 1 receptor antagonist: a Mendelian randomisation analysis
Publication date: Available online 26 February 2015 Source:The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology Background To investigate potential cardiovascular and other effects of long-term pharmacological interleukin 1 (IL-1) inhibition, we studied genetic variants that produce inhibition of IL-1, a master regulator of inflammation. Methods We created a genetic score combining the effects of alleles of two common variants (rs6743376 and rs1542176) that are located upstream of IL1RN, the gene encoding the IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra; an endogenous inhibitor of both IL-1α and IL-1β); both alleles increase soluble IL-1Ra ...
Source: The Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology - February 26, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Identifying Continence OptioNs after Stroke (ICONS): an evidence synthesis, case study and exploratory cluster randomised controlled trial of the introduction of a systematic voiding programme for patients with urinary incontinence after stroke in secondary care, Programme Grants for Applied Research, Vol:3, Iss:1
Authors: Thomas LH, French B, Sutton CJ, Forshaw D, Leathley MJ, Burton CR, Roe B, Cheater FM, Booth J, McColl E, Carter B, Walker A, Brittain K, Whiteley G, Rodgers H, Barrett J, Watkins CL on behalf of the ICONS project team and the ICONS patient, public and carer involvement groups
Source: NIHR Journals Library - March 18, 2015 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: research

The Clots in Legs Or sTockings after Stroke (CLOTS) 3 trial: a randomised controlled trial to determine whether or not intermittent pneumatic compression reduces the risk of post-stroke deep vein thrombosis and to estimate its cost-effectiveness, Health Technology Assessment, Vol:19, Iss:76
Authors: Dennis M, Sandercock P, Graham C, Forbes J.
Source: NIHR Journals Library - September 30, 2015 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: research

The Stroke Prevention Programme: a programme of research to inform optimal stroke prevention in primary care, Programme Grants for Applied Research, Vol:4, Iss:3
Authors: Fletcher K, Mant J, McManus R, Hobbs R.
Source: NIHR Journals Library - April 1, 2016 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: research

Exercise benefits you - even in polluted city air
Conclusion This modelling study aimed to assess exposure to air pollution through physical activity and the associated health risks around the world. The study found the background pollution level required to reach the tipping point is only present in less than 1% of cities, according to the WHO. In an average city physical exercise will remain beneficial up to seven hours a day for cycling or 16 hours for walking. In highly polluted areas this became as low as 30 minutes a day for cycling and 90 minutes of walking. The main limitation of this study is that it is only a model and we do not know how true to life the findi...
Source: NHS News Feed - May 6, 2016 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Heart/lungs Lifestyle/exercise Source Type: news

International Clinical Trials' Day 2016
International Clinical Trials' Day is celebrated around the world each year on or close to 20 May, commemorating the day in 1747 on which James Lind began the first known controlled trial, comparing different treatments for scurvy then in common use among sailors in the British Royal Navy. (Watch a video explaining the trial to see history in the making.) International Clinical Trials' Day seeks to raise awareness of the importance of research to health care, and draw attention to ways in which the research can become more relevant to practice.The European Clinical Research Infrastructures Network (ECRIN) helps to co-ordin...
Source: Cochrane News and Events - May 19, 2016 Category: Information Technology Authors: mumoquit at cochrane.org Source Type: news

Functional electrical stimulation versus ankle foot orthoses for foot-drop: A meta-analysis of orthotic effects.
CONCLUSION: Data suggest that, in contrast to assumptions that predict FES superiority, ankle foot orthoses have equally positive combined-orthotic effects as FES on key walking measures for foot-drop caused by stroke. However, further long-term, high-quality RCTs are required. These should focus on measuring the mechanisms-of-action; whether there is translation of improvements in impairment to function, plus detailed reporting of the devices used across diagnoses. Only then can robust clinical recommendations be made. PMID: 27563700 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine - August 27, 2016 Category: Rehabilitation Tags: J Rehabil Med Source Type: research

Age-specific risks, severity, time course, and outcome of bleeding on long-term antiplatelet treatment after vascular events: a population-based cohort study
Publication date: Available online 13 June 2017 Source:The Lancet Author(s): Linxin Li, Olivia C Geraghty, Ziyah Mehta, Peter M Rothwell Background Lifelong antiplatelet treatment is recommended after ischaemic vascular events, on the basis of trials done mainly in patients younger than 75 years. Upper gastrointestinal bleeding is a serious complication, but had low case fatality in trials of aspirin and is not generally thought to cause long-term disability. Consequently, although co-prescription of proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) reduces upper gastrointestinal bleeds by 70–90%, uptake is low and guidelines are conflicti...
Source: The Lancet - June 15, 2017 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

14 Primary care based opportunistic screening for atrial fibrillation increases detection rates
Introduction: Atrial fibrillation (AF) remains a leading cause of ischaemic stroke despite the availability of effective medications. A major hurdle for effective management is often the asymptomatic nature of AF. Improved diagnosis and management has potential significant benefits for individual patients and economically for our health service due to the expensive nature of stroke care. In conjunction with Hounslow Cardiovascular Clinical Network (a collaborative of primary, secondary, community care and patient groups) and the NIHR CLAHRC Northwest London, we set out to improve the detection, quality of care and outcomes...
Source: Europace - October 5, 2017 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Functional electrical stimulation and ankle foot orthoses provide equivalent therapeutic effects on foot drop: A meta-analysis providing direction for future research.
CONCLUSION: Functional electrical stimulation and ankle foot orthoses have an equally positive therapeutic effect on walking speed in non-progressive central nervous system diagnoses. The current randomized controlled trial evidence base does not show whether this improvement translates into the user's own environment or reveal the mechanisms that achieve that change. Future studies should focus on measuring activity, muscle activity and gait kinematics. They should also report specific device details, capture sustained therapeutic effects and involve a variety of central nervous system diagnoses. PMID: 29227525 [PubMe...
Source: Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine - December 13, 2017 Category: Rehabilitation Tags: J Rehabil Med Source Type: research

Adverse outcomes after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy: a study of 700 000 procedures in the national Hospital Episode Statistics database for England
Publication date: Available online 24 September 2018Source: The LancetAuthor(s): Simon G F Abram, Andrew Judge, David J Beard, Andrew J PriceSummaryBackgroundArthroscopic partial meniscectomy is one of the most common orthopaedic procedures worldwide. Clinical trial evidence published in the past 6 years, however, has raised questions about the effectiveness of the procedure in some patient groups. In view of concerns about potential overuse, we aimed to establish the true risk of serious complications after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy.MethodsWe analysed national Hospital Episode Statistics data for all arthroscopic ...
Source: The Lancet - October 5, 2018 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

World Health Organization cardiovascular disease risk charts: revised models to estimate risk in 21 global regions
Publication date: Available online 2 September 2019Source: The Lancet Global HealthAuthor(s): Stephen Kaptoge, Lisa Pennells, Dirk De Bacquer, Marie Therese Cooney, Maryam Kavousi, Gretchen Stevens, Leanne Margaret Riley, Stefan Savin, Taskeen Khan, Servet Altay, Philippe Amouyel, Gerd Assmann, Steven Bell, Yoav Ben-Shlomo, Lisa Berkman, Joline W Beulens, Cecilia Björkelund, Michael Blaha, Dan G Blazer, Thomas BoltonSummaryBackgroundTo help adapt cardiovascular disease risk prediction approaches to low-income and middle-income countries, WHO has convened an effort to develop, evaluate, and illustrate revised risk models. ...
Source: The Lancet Global Health - September 4, 2019 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research

Cochrane author ’s work acknowledged in NIHR co-production publication
Cochrane author, and joint Co-ordinating editor, Alex Pollock, of Glasgow Caledonian University has seen her ground-breaking work in co-producing a Cochrane review included in a new UK ’s National Institute of Health Research (NIHR) INVOLVE publication.Alex involved stroke survivors, carers, physiotherapists and educators in an update of a Cochrane systematic review relating to physiotherapy after stroke. Her innovative work was included inCo-production in Action Number Two, as an example of good practice in Co-production, published in November 2019 by INVOLVE. You can hear Alex talk about her work in a webinar recorded ...
Source: Cochrane News and Events - December 3, 2019 Category: Information Technology Authors: Muriah Umoquit Source Type: news

£120 million investment for research to improve NHS services
Each research project will involve collaborative partnerships between a university and surrounding NHS organisations and will be overseen by the National Institute of Health Research (NIHR). The Collaborations for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care (CLAHRCs) were first trialled in 2008, aimed at turning high quality research of patient needs into uppermost levels of care in the NHS. Previous CLAHRCs have undertaken research into areas such as blood-clotting drugs, telephone counselling and tools to assess the needs of stroke sufferers.
Source: NHS Networks - January 10, 2013 Category: UK Health Authors: Maria Axford Source Type: news

Care commissioning process is too laborious, report concludes
Source: BMJ, Nuffield Trust Area: News BMJ News features a story on a report by the Nuffield Trust which highlights the findings of an in-depth study of commissioning for people with long-term conditions. The study was funded by the National Institute for Health Research Health Services and Delivery Research (NIHR HS&DR) Programme. The Nuffield Trust carried out a 15 month (November 2010 to January 2012) study of commissioning practice in three high-performing primary care trust (PCT) areas (Calderdale, Somerset and the Wirral). The authors carried out detailed observation around what the trusts actually did around co...
Source: NeLM - News - March 1, 2013 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: news