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Mild focal hypothermia regulates the dynamic polarization of microglia after ischemic stroke in mice.
Conclusions Hypothermia is protective following ischemic stroke and can reduce brain tissue loss. Moreover, hypothermia shifts the polarization of microglia from the M1 to the M2 phenotype in the ischemic mice brain. This observed biological phenomenon may partially explain the protective effects seen due to hypothermia in acute ischemic stroke. PMID: 29619889 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Neurological Research - April 7, 2018 Category: Neurology Tags: Neurol Res Source Type: research

Direct angiographic intervention for acute ischemic stroke with large vessel occlusion
Conclusion:This new approach may provide benefits for appropriately selected patients. Further prospective trials are needed to clarify the risk-versus-benefit of this approach.Abbreviations and Acronyms: AHA: American Heart AssociationAIS: acute ischemic strokeASA: American Stroke AssociationASPECTS: Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography ScoreCT: computed tomographyCTA: computed tomography angiographyCTP: computed tomography perfusionDMVO: distal, medium vessel occlusionDSA: digital subtraction angiographyED: Emergency DepartmentEVT: endovascular thrombectomyFD: flat detectorIA: intra-arterialIV: intravenousICH...
Source: Neurological Research - June 16, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Weizhe Li W Scott Burgin Kanita Beba Abadal Maxim Mokin Zeguang Ren Source Type: research

Cerebral density and perfusion measured among heart disease patients with and without stroke.
Authors: Obara K, Meyer JS, Muramatsu K, Mortel KF Abstract This' investigation was designed to clarify the chronic effects of cardiogenic emboli on cerebral perfusion and tissue densities within remaining noninfarcted brain. Local cerebral perfusion and tissue densities were measured by xenon-contrasted CT scanning and compared by cross-sectional designs among normal volunteers without heart disease (Group C, n - 44), normal volunteers with heart disease (Group N, n =20), patients with heart disease and lacunar infarctions (Group L, n = 31) and patients with heart disease associated with cardiogenic cerebral embol...
Source: Neurological Research - November 10, 2016 Category: Neurology Tags: Neurol Res Source Type: research

Matrix metallopeptidase 9 and placental growth factor may correlate with collateral status based on whole-brain perfusion combined with multiphase computed tomography angiography
DISCUSSION: Serum PGF and MMP-9 levels may correlate with collateral status based on MP-CTA in acute ischemic stroke patients with cerebral large artery atherosclerosis. Higher PGF and MMP-9 concentration associated with good collateral status.PMID:34107864 | DOI:10.1080/01616412.2021.1939238
Source: Neurological Research - June 10, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Bo Yang Yarong Ding Xin Liu Yuan Cai Xinxuan Yang Qixuan Lu Weibin Gu Liping Liu Yuehua Pu Source Type: research

Internal maxillary artery to intracranial artery bypass: a case series of 31 patients with chronic internal carotid/middle cerebral arterial-sclerotic steno-occlusive disease.
CONCLUSIONS: By supplying an adequate flow to a larger flow territory of chronically stenotic/occlusive major cerebral arteries, IMA bypass surgery is efficient for restoring hemodynamics in selected patients and improving their neurological deficits. PMID: 27122096 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Neurological Research - April 30, 2016 Category: Neurology Tags: Neurol Res Source Type: research

Carotid artery disease and low cerebral perfusion pressure: symptomatology, operative risk and outcome.
Authors: Schroeder T, Utzon NP, Aabech J, Sillesen H, Sørensen PS, Engell HC Abstract Direct internal carotid artery blood pressure measurements in patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy identified 49 patients, among 239 consecutive cases (21%), who had a reduction in perfusion pressure of 20% or more. The clinical history, objective findings and angiographic data were compared with those of a control group of a further 49 patients selected from the remaining patients operated on over the same period. The two groups were compared for short- and long-term outcome of surgery. We were unable to delineate a sympto...
Source: Neurological Research - November 10, 2016 Category: Neurology Tags: Neurol Res Source Type: research

CT perfusion in predicting the morbidity and prognosis of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy after off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting.
CONCLUSION: The difference in occipital lobe rTTP on CTA perfusion may be a potential predictor of HIE. Furthermore, abnormal CT and rTTP may be used for predicting the prognosis in HIE patients. Three principal components (F1 as a reflection of CBF, F2 as reflection of TTP, F3 as a reflection of MTT) can be used to generally describe perfusion parameters. PMID: 28454490 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Neurological Research - May 1, 2017 Category: Neurology Tags: Neurol Res Source Type: research

Inducing ketogenesis via an enteral formulation in patients with acute brain injury:a phase II study.
Conclusion: In patients with acute brain injury, an enterally administered ketogenic formulation increased plasma ketone concentrations, was well tolerated, did not impact on cerebral hemodynamics and can be safely administered.Clinical trial registered at the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12616000332426)Abbreviations: BHB: betahydroxybutyrate; AcAc: acetoacetate; ABI: acute brain injury; TBI: traumatic brain injury; CSF: cerebrospinal fluid; SAH: subarachnoid injury; CVA: cerebrovascular accidents; ICP: intracranial pressure; CPP: cerebral perfusion pressure; ICU: intensive care unit; EVD: external...
Source: Neurological Research - February 28, 2020 Category: Neurology Tags: Neurol Res Source Type: research

Lithium upregulates growth-associated protein-43 (GAP-43) and postsynaptic density-95 (PSD-95) in cultured neurons exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation and improves electrophysiological outcomes in rats subjected to transient focal cerebral ischemia following a long-term recovery period
CONCLUSION: Lithium upregulates BDNF, GAP-43, and PSD-95, which partly accounts for its improvement of neuroplasticity and provision of long-term neuroprotection in the ischemic brain.Abbreviations: BDNF: brain-derived neurotrophic factor; ECM: extracellular matrix; EDTA: ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid; GAP-43: growth-associated protein-43; GSK-3β: glycogen synthase kinase-3β; HBSS: Hank's balanced salt solution; LCBF: local cortical blood perfusion; LDF: laser-Doppler flowmetry; MCAO: middle cerebral artery occlusion; MMP: matrix metalloproteinase; NMDA: N-methyl-D-aspartate; NMDAR: N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor; OCT: ...
Source: Neurological Research - March 29, 2022 Category: Neurology Authors: Shih-Huang Tai Sheng-Yang Huang Liang-Chun Chao Yu-Wen Lin Chien-Chih Huang Tian-Shung Wu Yan-Shen Shan Ai-Hua Lee E-Jian Lee Source Type: research

Which is responsible for aphasia by subcortical lesions? Subcortical lesions or the cortical hypoperfusion?
This study showed that aphasia to be more common in cases with cortical hypoperfusion in the dominant hemisphere than in cases without hypoperfusion. Our results provide evidence that direct effect of the lesion in the basal ganglia on the development of aphasia is doubtful.PMID:35984244 | DOI:10.1080/01616412.2022.2112369
Source: Neurological Research - August 19, 2022 Category: Neurology Authors: Ulufer Celebi Mehmet Fevzi Oztekin Nuriye Ozlem Kucuk Source Type: research