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Source: Neuroscience Letters
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Total 146 results found since Jan 2013.
Ceftriaxone pretreatment reduces the propensity of postpartum depression following stroke during pregnancy in rats
Conclusions Taken together, our results suggested that ceftriaxone pretreatment before brain ischemia during pregnancy may reduce the propensity for the development of PPD by preventing the loss of GLT-1 expression in the mPFC.
Source: Neuroscience Letters - August 23, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Impaired motor preparation and execution during standing reach in people with chronic stroke
Publication date: 6 September 2016 Source:Neuroscience Letters, Volume 630 Author(s): Sandy McCombe Waller, Chieh-ling Yang, Laurence Magder, Don Yungher, Vicki Gray, Mark W. Rogers Movement preparation of both anticipatory postural adjustments (APAs) and goal directed movement during a standing reaching task in adults with chronic hemiparesis and healthy controls was investigated. Using a simple reaction time paradigm, while standing on two separate force platforms, subjects received a warning light cue to “get ready to reach” followed 2.5s later by an imperative light cue to “reach as quickly as possible”...
Source: Neuroscience Letters - July 26, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Thrombin preferentially induces autophagy in glia cells in the rat central nervous system
Publication date: 6 September 2016 Source:Neuroscience Letters, Volume 630 Author(s): Shukun Hu, Gang Wu, Xin Ding, Yi Zhang Autophagy widely occurs after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). In our previous study, we demonstrated that thrombin, a serine protease produced after hematoma, contributes to ICH-induced autophagy. However, whether thrombin plays a neuronal and/or astrocytic role in autophagy induction is largely unknown. Here, we examined the autophagic role of thrombin on neurons and glia cells, respectively. In vivo, we found that intracaudate injection of thrombin specifically elevated the astrocytic express...
Source: Neuroscience Letters - July 26, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Ionotropic glutamate receptor expression in human white matter
Publication date: 6 September 2016 Source:Neuroscience Letters, Volume 630 Author(s): Pia Crone Christensen, Zahra Samadi-Bahrami, Vlady Pavlov, Peter K. Stys, G.R. Wayne Moore Glutamate is the key excitatory neurotransmitter of the central nervous system (CNS). Its role in human grey matter transmission is well understood, but this is less clear in white matter (WM). Ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluR) are found on both neuronal cell bodies and glia as well as on myelinated axons in rodents, and rodent WM tissue is capable of glutamate release. Thus, rodent WM expresses many of the components of the traditional ...
Source: Neuroscience Letters - July 25, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
The CB1 antagonist, SR141716A, is protective in permanent photothrombotic cerebral ischemia
Publication date: 6 September 2016 Source:Neuroscience Letters, Volume 630 Author(s): Zachary Wilmer Reichenbach, Hongbo Li, Sara Jane Ward, Ronald F. Tuma Modulation of the endocannabinoid system has been shown to have a significant impact on outcomes in animal models of stroke. We have previously reported a protective effect of the CB1 antagonist, SR141716A, in a transient reperfusion mouse model of cerebral ischemia. This protective effect was in part mediated by activation of the 5HT1A receptor. Here we have examined its effect in a mouse model of permanent ischemia induced by photoinjury. The CB1 antagonist was ...
Source: Neuroscience Letters - July 25, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Association of APOE (E2, E3 and E4) gene variants and lipid levels in ischemic stroke, its subtypes and hemorrhagic stroke in a South Indian population
In conclusion, our results suggest that APOE polymorphism does seem to play a role in hemorrhagic stroke and also in the development of specific subtypes of ischemic stroke. Further, in ischemic stroke VLDL and triglycerides levels were found to be significantly associated with E2/E4 and E3/E4 genotypes.
Source: Neuroscience Letters - June 28, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Inhibition of chemokine-like factor 1 improves blood-brain barrier dysfunction in rats following focal cerebral ischemia
The objective of present study was to investigate the role of CKLF1 on BBB integrity by applying anti-CKLF1 antibodies in rat focal cerebral ischemia and reperfusion model. Brain water content, Evans blue leakage and the expression of aquaporin-4 (AQP-4), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), Zonula Occludens-1 (ZO-1) and Occludin were measured. After treatment with anti-CKLF1 antibody, brain water content and Evans blue leakage in ipsilateral hemisphere were decreased in a dose-dependent manner at 24h after reperfusion, but not changed in contralateral hemisphere. Anti-CKLF1 antibody reduced the expression of AQP-4 and MMP-...
Source: Neuroscience Letters - June 18, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Spatial localization and distribution of the TMS-related ‘hotspot’ of the tibialis anterior muscle representation in the healthy and post-stroke motor cortex
Publication date: 3 August 2016 Source:Neuroscience Letters, Volume 627 Author(s): Anjali Sivaramakrishnan, Lenore Tahara-Eckl, Sangeetha Madhavan Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a type of noninvasive brain stimulation used to study corticomotor excitability of the intact and injured brain. Identification of muscle representations in the motor cortex is typically done using a procedure called ‘hotspotting’, which involves establishing the optimal location on the scalp that evokes a maximum TMS response with minimum stimulator intensity. The purpose of this study was to report the hotspot locations for t...
Source: Neuroscience Letters - June 4, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
P2 and behavioral effects of stroke count in Chinese characters: Evidence for an analytic and attentional view
In this study, we identified any behavioral and ERP stroke-count effects when orthographic neighborhood sizes are balanced across three stroke counts. A delayed character-matching task was conducted while ERPs were recorded. The behavioral data indicated that both response latency and error rate increased with increasing stroke count. The ERP data showed higher P2 but lower N2 amplitudes in the large count than in the median count condition. A higher P2 can reflect increased attentional load and reduced attentional resource for processing each stroke because of the additional strokes in the large count condition. The behav...
Source: Neuroscience Letters - June 3, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
The Reciprocal Interaction of Sympathetic Nervous System and cAMP-PKA-NF-kB Pathway in Immune Suppression after Experimental Stroke
Conclusion On account of the SNS activation after stroke, epinephrine activates the expression of cAMP, which further increases the level of PKA. Therefore, the level of nuclear factor NF-kB is down-regulated. Since the pro-inflammatory effect of NF-kB slacked, the immune system may be inhibited after stroke.
Source: Neuroscience Letters - May 28, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Goal conceptualization and symmetry of arm movements affect bimanual coordination in individuals after stroke
Publication date: 28 July 2016 Source:Neuroscience Letters, Volume 626 Author(s): Shailesh Kantak, Robert McGrath, Nazaneen Zahedi Coordination during goal-directed movements emerges from an interaction of task and individual constraints. It is not known how individuals with unilateral stroke and age-matched controls coordinate their arms when performing symmetric and asymmetric movements to accomplish common task goals compared to independent task goals. Eleven individuals with chronic stroke and ten age-matched controls executed a bimanual task under virtual conditions that allowed systematic manipulation of symmetr...
Source: Neuroscience Letters - May 27, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Hyperglycemia decreases expression of 14-3-3 proteins in an animal model of stroke
This study investigated 14-3-3 proteins expression in the cerebral cortex of animals with diabetes, cerebral ischemic injury and a combination of both diabetes and cerebral ischemic injury. Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (40mg/kg) in adult male rats. After 4 weeks of treatment, middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was performed for the induction of focal cerebral ischemia and cerebral cortex tissue was collected 24h after MCAO. We confirmed that diabetes increases infarct volume following MCAO compared to non-diabetic animals. In diabetic animals with MCAO injury, reduction of 14-3-3...
Source: Neuroscience Letters - May 24, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Evidence for cerebellar motor functional reorganization in brain tumor patients: An fMRI study
Publication date: 27 May 2016 Source:Neuroscience Letters, Volume 622 Author(s): Satoshi Kurabe, Kosuke Itoh, Tsutomu Nakada, Yukihiko Fujii Functional reorganization of the motor system following brain damage has been studied extensively in stroke patients, in which not only the cerebrum but also the cerebellum (Cbll) undergoes substantial reorganization. However, the role of Cbll in motor functional reorganization in brain tumor patients remains poorly investigated. Because brain damages in brain tumor patients occur much more slowly than in stroke patients, the neural mechanisms for motor functional reorganization...
Source: Neuroscience Letters - April 26, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Electric and acoustic stimulation during movement preparation can facilitate movement execution in healthy participants and stroke survivors
In this study we sought to test a new way to facilitate motor actions that could be of relevance in clinical settings. Five individuals with chronic motor impairments due to stroke and eight healthy young adults performed a functional reaching task in response to a visual go-signal. On 30% of the trials, LAS or electric stimuli (collectively, sensory stimuli) were unexpectedly presented in synchrony with the go-signal. Both healthy and stroke participants reacted with shorter latencies and executed faster responses when sensory stimulation was synchronized with the go-signal. We have replicated previous findings showing ac...
Source: Neuroscience Letters - March 10, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Evaluating interhemispheric cortical responses to transcranial magnetic stimulation in chronic stroke: A TMS-EEG investigation
Publication date: 8 April 2016 Source:Neuroscience Letters, Volume 618 Author(s): Michael R. Borich, Lewis A. Wheaton, Sonia M. Brodie, Bimal Lakhani, Lara A. Boyd TMS-evoked cortical responses can be measured using simultaneous electroencephalography (TMS-EEG) to directly quantify cortical connectivity in the human brain. The purpose of this study was to evaluate interhemispheric cortical connectivity between the primary motor cortices (M1s) in participants with chronic stroke and controls using TMS-EEG. Ten participants with chronic stroke and four controls were tested. TMS-evoked responses were recorded at rest a...
Source: Neuroscience Letters - March 4, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
