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Source: Neuropsychologia

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Total 127 results found since Jan 2013.

The effect of age on Cognitve performance of frontal Patients
Publication date: Available online 20 June 2015 Source:Neuropsychologia Author(s): Lisa Cipolotti , Colm Healy , Edgar Chan , Sarah E. MacPherson , Mark White , Katherine Woollett , Martha Turner , Gail Robinson , Barbara Spanò , Marco Bozzali , Tim Shallice Age is known to affect prefrontal brain structure and executive functioning in healthy older adults, patients with neurodegenerative conditions and TBI. Yet, no studies appear to have systematically investigated the effect of age on cognitive performance in patients with focal lesions. We investigated the effect of age on the cognitive performance of a large sample ...
Source: Neuropsychologia - June 23, 2015 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Spatial attention systems in spatial neglect
Publication date: Available online 22 May 2015 Source:Neuropsychologia Author(s): Hans-Otto Karnath It has been established that processes relating to ‘spatial attention’ are implemented at cortical level by goal-directed (top-down) and stimulus-driven (bottom-up) networks. Spatial neglect in brain-damaged individuals has been interpreted as a distinguished exemplar for a disturbance of these processes. The present article elaborates this assumption. Functioning of the two attentional networks seem to dissociate in spatial neglect; behavioral studies of patients’ orienting and exploration behavior point to a distur...
Source: Neuropsychologia - May 23, 2015 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Early sensory processing in right hemispheric stroke patients with and without extinction
Publication date: Available online 19 May 2015 Source:Neuropsychologia Author(s): Bianca de Haan , Tine Stoll , Hans-Otto Karnath While extinction is most commonly viewed as an attentional disorder and not as a consequence of a failure to process contralesional sensory information, it has been speculated that early sensory processing of contralesional targets in extinction patients might not be fully normal. We used a masked visuo-motor response priming paradigm to study the influence of both contralesional and ipsilesional peripheral subliminal prime stimuli on central target performance, allowing us to compare the stre...
Source: Neuropsychologia - May 20, 2015 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Parietal lesion Effects on cued recall following pair associate learning
Publication date: Available online 18 May 2015 Source:Neuropsychologia Author(s): Shir Ben-Zvi , Nachum Soroker , Daniel A. Levy We investigated the involvement of the posterior parietal cortex in episodic memory in a lesion-effects study of cued recall following pair-associate learning. Groups of patients who had experienced first-incident stroke, generally in middle cerebral artery territory, and exhibited damage that included lateral posterior parietal regions, were tested within an early post-stroke time window. In three experiments, patients and matched healthy comparison groups executed repeated study and cued reca...
Source: Neuropsychologia - May 20, 2015 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Disorders of representation and control in semantic cognition: Effects of familiarity, typicality, and specificity
We present a case-series comparison of patients with cross-modal semantic impairments consequent on either (a) bilateral anterior temporal lobe atrophy in semantic dementia (SD) or (b) left-hemisphere fronto-parietal and/or posterior temporal stroke in semantic aphasia (SA). Both groups were assessed on a new test battery designed to measure how performance is influenced by concept familiarity, typicality and specificity. In line with previous findings, performance in SD was strongly modulated by all of these factors, with better performance for more familiar items (regardless of typicality), for more typical items (regard...
Source: Neuropsychologia - April 29, 2015 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Clinical impact of gait training enhanced with visual kinematic biofeedback: Patients with Parkinson’s disease and Patients stable post stroke☆
Publication date: Available online 22 April 2015 Source:Neuropsychologia Author(s): Nancy Byl , Wenlong Zhang , Sophia Coo , Masayoshi Tomizuka As the world’s population ages, falls, physical inactivity, decreased attention and impairments in balance and gait arise as a consequence of decreased sensation, weakness, trauma and degenerative disease. Progressive balance and gait training can facilitate postural righting, safe ambulation and community participation. This small randomized clinical trial evaluated if visual and kinematic feedback provided during supervised gait training would interfere or enhance mobility, e...
Source: Neuropsychologia - April 22, 2015 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Concepts within reach: Action performance predicts action language processing in stroke
Publication date: Available online 6 April 2015 Source:Neuropsychologia Author(s): Rutvik H. Desai , Troy Herter , Nicholas Riccardi , Chris Rorden , Julius Fridriksson The relationship between the brain's conceptual or semantic and sensory-motor systems remains controversial. Here, we tested manual and conceptual abilities of 41 chronic stroke patients in order to examine their relationship. Manual abilities were assed through a reaching task using an exoskeleton robot. Semantic abilities were assessed with implicit as well as explicit semantic tasks, for both verbs and nouns. The results show that that the degree of se...
Source: Neuropsychologia - April 6, 2015 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Enhancing the mirror illusion with transcranial direct current stimulation
Publication date: May 2015 Source:Neuropsychologia, Volume 71 Author(s): Steven A. Jax , Diana L. Rosa-Leyra , H. Branch Coslett Visual feedback has a strong impact on upper-extremity movement production. One compelling example of this phenomena is the mirror illusion (MI), which has been used as a treatment for post-stroke movement deficits (mirror therapy). Previous research indicates that the MI increases primary motor cortex excitability, and this change in excitability is strongly correlated with the mirror’s effects on behavioral performance of neurologically-intact controls. Based on evidence that primary motor ...
Source: Neuropsychologia - March 31, 2015 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Subliminal galvanic-vestibular stimulation recalibrates the distorted visual and tactile subjective vertical in right-sided stroke
In conclusion, we found that GVS rapidly influences poststroke verticality deficits in the visual and tactile modality, thus highlighting the importance of the vestibular system in the multimodal elaboration of the subjective vertical.
Source: Neuropsychologia - March 5, 2015 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Anatomical and psychometric relationships of behavioral neglect in daily living
In conclusions, superior temporal gyrus and superior longitudinal fasciculus lesions have a pivotal role in N-ADLs. N-ADLs is principally related (anatomically and psychometrically) to peripersonal neglect, and at a lesser degree to anosognosia and personal neglect.
Source: Neuropsychologia - February 15, 2015 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Anatomical and psychometric relationships of behavioral neglect in daily living☆
In conclusions, superior temporal gyrus and superior longitudinal fasciculus lesions have a pivotal role in N-ADLs. N-ADLs is principally related (anatomically and psychometrically) to peripersonal neglect, and at a lesser degree to anosognosia and personal neglect.
Source: Neuropsychologia - February 10, 2015 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

When semantics aids phonology: A processing advantage for iconic word forms in aphasia
Publication date: Available online 28 January 2015 Source:Neuropsychologia Author(s): Lotte Meteyard , Emily Stoppard , Dee Snudden , Stefano F. Cappa , Gabriella Vigliocco Iconicity is the non-arbitrary relation between properties of a phonological form and semantic content (e.g. “moo”, “splash”). It is a common feature of both spoken and signed languages, and recent evidence shows that iconic forms confer an advantage during word learning. We explored whether iconic forms conferred a processing advantage for 13 individuals with aphasia following left-hemisphere stroke. Iconic and control words were compared in ...
Source: Neuropsychologia - February 1, 2015 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Holmes and Horrax (1919) revisited: Impaired binocular fusion as a cause of “flat vision” after right parietal brain damage – A case study
Publication date: Available online 22 January 2015 Source:Neuropsychologia Author(s): Anna-Katharina Schaadt , Stephan A. Brandt , Antje Kraft , Georg Kerkhoff The complete loss of binocular depth perception (“flat vision”) was first thoroughly described by Holmes and Horrax (1919), and has been occasionally reported thereafter in patients with bilateral posterior-parietal lesions. Though partial spontaneous recovery occurred in some cases, the precise cause(s) of this condition remained obscure for almost a century. Here, we describe a unique patient (EH) with a large right-sided occipito-parietal hemorrhage showing...
Source: Neuropsychologia - January 24, 2015 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Variability of behavioural responses to transcranial magnetic stimulation: Origins and predictors
Publication date: Available online 22 January 2015 Source:Neuropsychologia Author(s): Pierre Nicolo , Radek Ptak , Adrian G. Guggisberg Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) may modulate the excitability of local cortical stimulation sites and distant functionally interconnected regions for minutes, hours or even days. The effects of TMS suggest that it not only acts on activity of the stimulated area, but also on its connections with remote areas. Due to these properties one of the main rationales for the application of TMS in stroke patients is to improve imbalance in interhemispheric inhibition. However, given that ...
Source: Neuropsychologia - January 24, 2015 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Impaired binocular fusion as a cause of “Flat Vision” after right parietal brain damage – A case study
Publication date: Available online 22 January 2015 Source:Neuropsychologia Author(s): Anna-Katharina Schaadt , Stephan A. Brandt , Antje Kraft , Georg Kerkhoff The complete loss of binocular depth perception (“Flat Vision”) was first thoroughly described by Holmes and Horrax (1919), and has been occasionally reported thereafter in patients with bilateral posterior-parietal lesions. Though partial spontaneous recovery occurred in some cases, the precise cause(s) of this condition remained obscure for almost a century. Here, we describe a unique patient (EH) with a large right-sided occipito-parietal hemorrhage showing...
Source: Neuropsychologia - January 23, 2015 Category: Neurology Source Type: research